In the last decade considerable changes have taken place in the sheep industry in Hungary. Increasing numbers of sheep have been concentrated in newly established farms where intensive fattening methods have been practi­ sed. At present about 90 per cent of sheep are concentrated in large farms. Approximately 60-70 per cent of the total income of the sheep industry comes from the meat product i...

OBJECTIVE The objective of the present article is to present a review of the main clinical issues faced by pediatricians while defining the diagnosis, management and prognosis of postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans. SOURCES Data from national and international scientific journals selected from the Lilacs and Medline databases. SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS With the purpose of establishing the...

Bovine mycoplasmosis due to Mycoplasma bovis causes several important bovine diseases such as pneumonia, mastitis, arthritis, otitis, genital disorders or keratoconjunctivitis. Variable surface lipoproteins, adhesion, invasion of host cells, modulation of the host immune system, biofilm formation and the release of secondary metabolites like hydrogen peroxide, as well as synergistic infections ...

BACKGROUND Even though the pathogenicity and invasiveness of pneumococcus largely depend on capsular types, the impact of serotypes on post-viral pneumococcal pneumonia is unknown. METHODS AND FINDINGS This study was performed to evaluate the impact of capsular serotypes on the development of pneumococcal pneumonia after preceding respiratory viral infections. Patients with a diagnosis of pne...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Recently there has been an increased concern over viral respiratory infections and their potential for a pandemic. This concern makes it important to review the most current guidelines for the management of viral respiratory diseases in pregnancy. RECENT FINDINGS The topics covered are influenza, avian influenza, and severe acute respiratory syndrome. SUMMARY Pregnant wome...

After aerosolization of a bovine strain of parainfluenza type 3 virus, the pathogenesis of the virus was followed from the trachea to the bronchioalveolar compartments of the lung of colostrum-free calves and of conventionally reared calves during a 5- to 12-day postexposure interval. By tissue titration, plaque assay, and electron microscopy, it was found that virus infection could be establi...

Background: Human parvovirus B19 was known as one of the possible cause of mild respiratory tract diseases in previous studies. However, there are some reports of acute obstructive respiratory disease and severe pneumonia. The purpose of current study was to assess the prevalence and clinical features of parvovirus B19 in respiratory infection.    Methods: This study was conducted on...

Bovine herpes viruses belong to the family Herpesviridae. Bovine herpes virus 1 (BHV-1) is of world wide distribution and causes a wide range of diseases in cattle namely respiratory disease, keratoconjunctivitis and reproductive diseases including infectious pustular vulvovaginitis (IPV) in cows, infectious pustular balonoposthitis (IPB) in bulls and abortions. DNA studies of BHV-1 have reveal...

Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a parvovirus recently identified in association with acute respiratory infections (ARI). Despite its worldwide occurrence, little is known on the pathogenesis of HBoV infections. In addition, few systematic studies of HBoV in ARI have been conducted in Latin America. Therefore, in order to test whether active viral replication of human bocavirus is associated with resp...

Biosecurity is crucial for safeguarding livestock from infectious diseases. Despite the plethora of biosecurity recommendations, published scientific evidence on the effectiveness of individual biosecurity measures is limited. The objective of this study was to assess the perception of Swiss experts about the effectiveness and importance of individual on-farm biosecurity measures for cattle and...