The microgrid system is an answer to the necessity of increasing renewable energy penetration and also works as a bridge for the future smart grid. Considering the microgrid system applied to commercial building equipped with photovoltaic sources, the usage of a DC microgrid architecture can improve the efficiency of the system, while ensuring robustness and reducing the overall energy cost. Gi...

Over time, distribution systems have progressed from small-scale to complex networks, requiring modernization adapt these increasing levels of active loads and devices. It is essential manage the capacity networks support all new technologies. This work, therefore, presents a method for evaluating impact optimal allocation sizing DGs load shedding response demand programs on improve reliability...

This paper proposes an Optimal Power Flow (OPF) algorithm by Direct Load Control (DLC) programs to optimize the operational cost of smart grids considering various scenarios based on different constraints. The cost function includes active power production cost of available power sources and a novel flexible load curtailment cost associated with DLC programs. The load curtailment cost is based ...

The need for a dynamic and scalable expansion of the grid infrastructure and resources and other scalability issues in terms of execution efficiency and fault tolerance present centralized management techniques with numerous difficulties. In this chapter we present the case for biologically inspired grid resource management techniques that are decentralized and self organized in nature. To achi...