Telomere-led rapid prophase movements (RPMs) in meiotic prophase have been observed in diverse eukaryote species. A shared feature of RPMs is that the force that drives the chromosomal movements is transmitted from the cytoskeleton, through the nuclear envelope, to the telomeres. Studies in mice suggested that dynein movement along microtubules is transmitted to telomeres through SUN1/KASH5 nuc...

Two large, stable populations (Texas and Japan) of Drosophila melanogaster were surveyed at 21 allozyme loci on the second and third chromosomes and for chromosomal gene arrangements on those two chromosomes. Over 220 independent gametes were sampled from each population. The types and frequencies of the surveyed genetic variation are similar to those observed previously and suggest only slight...

Background & Aims: Chromosome abnormalities are a major cause of miscarriage and neonatal mortality. The present study aimed to determine the association of fetal and parents chromosomal abnormalities with congenital anomalies. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in a tertiary referral center (Afzalipour Hospital) over 16 months period (2011-2012). The study groups consisted of 77 fe...

Constructs, maintains, modifies, traverses, queries, and presents arrangements on two-dimensional parametric surfaces. Complete and Robust All inputs are handled correctly (including degenerate input). Exact number types are used to achieve robustness. Generic – easy to interface, extend, and adapt Modular – geometric and topological aspects are separated Supports among the others: various poin...

Sex chromosomes can display successive steps of recombination suppression known as "evolutionary strata," which are thought to result from the successive linkage of sexually antagonistic genes to sex-determining genes. However, there is little evidence to support this explanation. Here we investigate whether evolutionary strata can evolve without sexual antagonism using fungi that display suppr...

A detailed comparative map of Brassica oleracea and Arabidopsis thaliana has been established based largely on mapping of Arabidopsis ESTs in two Arabidopsis and four Brassica populations. Based on conservative criteria for inferring synteny, "one to one correspondence" between Brassica and Arabidopsis chromosomes accounted for 57% of comparative loci. Based on 186 corresponding loci detected i...

Chromosomal polymorphism is widespread in the Drosophila genus, with extensive evidence supporting its adaptive character in diverse species. Moreover, inversions are the major contributors to the genus chromosomal evolution. The molecular characterization of a reduced number of polymorphic inversion breakpoints in Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila subobscura supports that their inversions...

This study deals with sex-ratio genes tightly linked within the Sex-Ratio inversion. By taking advantage of the fact that the Sex-Ratio chromosome of Drosophila persimilis [SR(B)] is homosequential to the Standard chromosome of D. pseudoobscura [ST(A)], we carried out two reciprocal introgression experiments. Individual segments of SR(B) or ST(A) were introgressed into the genome of D. pseudoob...

Chromosomal inversions can contribute to the adaptation of organisms to their environment by capturing particular advantageous allelic combinations of a set of genes included in the inverted fragment and also by advantageous functional changes due to the inversion process itself that might affect not only the expression of flanking genes but also their dose and structure. Of the two mechanisms ...