in general compliance with competition law and deterrence of forming or joining any anti-competitive conducts are achieved through the deterrent effects of penalties. nevertheless, full compliance behavior is not observed from all firms. in this paper, we study dynamic enforcement of competition law in a dynamic model of an antitrust and firms and analyze via differential games how efficient is...

In 2005, the European Commission advocated for a more economic approach to enforcing competition laws. The sole criterion assessing lawfulness of market practice should be appraisal its net effect on consumer welfare. Court Justice was reluctant adopt such an until 2017 Intel Judgment. Its endorsement—which is debatable insofar as judgment may give rise different interpretations—may appear para...

This contribution assesses the proposed Common European Sales Law (CESL) and its potential to enter into a fruitful competition with national laws (“Optional Scheme”) against the background of a more general theory on vertical regulatory competition – drawing on the much richer theory of horizontal regulatory competition (namely concerned with Delaware). It does so along three lines of argument...

I.1. This paper deals with the relationship between intellectual property and competition law and policy. Specifically, the main contribution is conceptualizing intellectual property as defining a regime of nonprice competition. The analytical approach for understanding intellectual property in terms of nonprice competition is derived from Albert Hirschman’s famous model of exit, voice, and loy...