The use of nutritional supplements in sport is widespread, and few serious athletes do not, at some stage in their career succumb to the temptation to experiment with one or more nutritional supplements. Supplementation is particularly prevalent among strength and power athletes, where an increase in muscle mass can benefit performance. Protein supplements have not been shown to be effective ex...

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether short-term amino acid supplementation could maintain a short-term net anabolic hormonal profile and decrease muscle cell damage during a period of high-intensity resistance training (overreaching), thereby enhancing recovery and decreasing the risk of injury and illness. Eight previously resistance trained males were randomly assigned to eith...

Eccentric exercise is known to bring about microstructural damage to muscle, initiating an inflammatory cascade involving various reactive oxygen species. This, in turn, can significantly impair physical performance over subsequent days. Taurine, a powerful endogenous antioxidant, has previously been shown to have a beneficial effect on muscle damage markers and recovery when taken for a few da...

Background & Aims: With regard to the neuroprotective effect of creatine in some neurological disorders like cerebral ischemia, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of creatine in an experimental model of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Involvement of oxidative stress was also assessed. Methods: In this experimental study, male rats (n = 40) were divided into 5 groups, i.e. sham-operated (...

Creatine, a compound that is critical for energy metabolism of nervous cells, crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the neuronal plasma membrane with difficulty, and only using its specific transporter. In the hereditary condition where the creatine transporter is defective (creatine transporter deficiency) there is no creatine in the brain, and administration of creatine is useless lacking...

background: nicotine, cotinine and cadmium are harmful components of cigarettes that have an effect on human reproductive function. although the effects of cigarette smoke on male reproductive function is characterized in several articles its mechanism of action is still unknown. in the present study, we investigate the effect of nicotine, cotinine and cadmium on human sperm creatine kinase act...

supplement issue

The aim of the present study was to examine whether the workload, expressed in oxygen uptake and heart rate, during dance class and rehearsal prepared the dancer for performance. Previous research on the demands of class and performance has been affected by equipment limitations and could only provide limited insight into the physiological demands placed on the dancer. The present study noted t...

 In recent years there has been a significant increase in the consumption of dietary energy supplements (DES) associated with the parallel advertising against obesity and favoring high physical performance. We present the case and outcome of a young patient who developed acute mixed liver injury (hepatocellular and cholestatic) after ingestion of various "over the counter" products to increase...