BACKGROUND In agricultural regions, streamside forests have been reduced in age and extent, or removed entirely to maximize arable cropland. Restoring and reforesting such riparian zones to mature forest, particularly along headwater streams (which constitute 90% of stream network length) would both increase carbon storage and improve water quality. Age and management-related cover/condition cl...

Oscillating sharp edges have been employed to achieve rapid and homogeneous mixing in microchannels using acoustic streaming. Here, we used a perturbation approach to study the flow around oscillating sharp edges in a microchannel. This work extends prior experimental studies to numerically characterize the effect of various parameters on the acoustically induced flow. Our numerical results mat...

テレビやパソコンにおける表示,プリンタによる印 刷などの画素密度が増加し,画像の解像度感が画質を 決めるポイントの一つになっている.これら出力機器 に対して画像データの画素が少ない場合,事前に信号 処理により画素を増やす高解像度化技術が必要となる. 従来の高解像度化技術としては,双一次内挿法,あ るいは三次畳込み内挿法 [1]~[3]など標本化定理に基 づく補間フィルタを用いることが多かった.しかし, これらの手法では画素が増えた画像で表現が可能にな る高い周波数成分は生成されず,出力画像はぼやけた ものになってしまう.そこで,補間フィルタの改良が 検討され [4], [5],例えば,Kim らは,Winscale とい う面積画素モデルに基づく手法を提案した [6].簡単な 処理で最近傍内挿と双一次内挿の性質を併せもつ拡大 を行うが,高い解像度感は得られない.また,エッジ 適応型内...

Drilling and blasting have numerous applications in the civil and mining engineering. Due to the two major components of rock masses, namely the intact rock matrix and the discontinuities, their behavior is a complicated process to be analyzed. The purpose of this work is to investigate the effects of the geomechanical and geometrical parameters of rock and discontinuities on the rock mass blas...

1. In a model synaptic system, the excitatory neuromuscular junction of the freshwater crayfish, the nerve terminals possess synapses that vary in structural complexity, with numbers of active zones ranging from zero to five. Active zones on individual synapses show a wide range of separation distances. We tested the hypothesis that two active zones of a single synapse in close proximity can en...

In the European Union, mitigation measures to abate diffuse pollution from agricultural land are implemented under the direction of the EU Nitrates and Water Framework Directives. As these measures are implemented in national policies, a review process will look at the efficacy of the measures with a view to recommending further measures as necessary and following scientific and stakeholder con...

Landsat 5 TM was used as a tool to model Anopheles mosquito densities on heterogeneous land cover. In this study, mosquito density data was divided into 5 classes; absence, low, moderate, high, and very high densities. Land cover was classified into 8 types. Stagnant water, wetland, and paddy land cover types are larva habitat. Forest, cropland, orchard, and grassland land cover types are adult...