• Dynamic integration among oil price shocks and interest rates in Asia, EU, the U.S. Evidence of time variation co-movement shocks. Financial crises reduce level integration. External exposure, information asymmetry political stability increase This paper examines short term dynamic for U.S.A, Euro area twelve Asian economies from August 1999 to January 2018 using a Time-Varying Parameter Vect...

a central problem ill empirical macroeconomics is to determine when and how much the exchange rate is misaligned. this paper clarifies and calculates the concept of’ the equilibrium real exchange rate, using a structural vector auto regression (var) model. by imposing long—run restrictions on a var model for iran, lour structural shocks are identified: nominal demand, real demand, supply and oi...

the study investigated the effects of communal crises on selected crops production among farmers in langtang north local government area of plateau state, nigeria. multi-stage sampling technique was adopted; four local government areas were selected in each of the local government selected, four villages affected by communal crises were selected purposively. in two of the villages selected, 24 ...

To make health systems more resilient to shocks and crises, it is critical for governments invest in core system functions such as financing, service delivery, governance. Ensuring sufficient resources necessary basic infrastructure including vaccines; the overall level of expenditure public sources funding are important. Funding services, infection prevention control, surveillance, information...

This paper examines the question of whether pegging exchange rates is a good strategy for emergingmarket countries. Although pegging the exchange rate provides a nominal anchor for emerging market countries that can help them to control inflation, the analysis in this paper does not provide support for this strategy for the conduct of monetary policy. First there are the usual criticisms of exc...

triploidy in grass carp, ctenopharyngodon idella valenciennes, 1844, was induced on fertilized eggs to compare cold and heat shocks. two simplified methods explained for verification of triploidy in grass carp. the cold shock (7 ?c) was given in three treatments for 30 min starting 2.0, 2.5 and 4.0 min after fertilization. in cold shock, the start point (2.0 min after fertilization) showed the ...

The financial crisis in Europe has posed major threats and opportunities to health. We trace the origins of the economic crisis in Europe and the responses of governments, examine the effect on health systems, and review the effects of previous economic downturns on health to predict the likely consequences for the present. We then compare our predictions with available evidence for the effects...

A network analytic approach to the study of organizational response to crises is used to determine the existence and form of integrated crisis management units (ICMU). ICMUs are network organizations that emerge in response to severe crises such as major oil spills, earthquakes, hurricanes and other natural and man made disasters. Although ICMUs have received considerable attention from scholar...

Understanding the dynamics of productivity shocks is instrumental if we are to identify the sources of economic growth. This paper, investigates dynamic effects of positives productivity shocks to agricultural subsectors during the period from 1991-2015, by disaggregating agricultural sector in Iran into four key subsectors (crops, livestock, fishing and forestry) through an estimated DSGE mode...