This paper aims to provide a quantitative analysis of the influence of an aging population on the financing of Japan’s universal health insurance system and potential reform policies. We construct a general equilibrium life-cycle model to study the effects of aging on the tax burden, individual behaviors, the aggregate economy, and welfare. We also evaluate various policy alternatives designed ...

• Health benefits a big potential target for raising revenue: President Bush’s FY 2008 budget estimates all employee benefits-related “tax expenditures” (government revenue foregone due to special tax treatment) will amount to $328 billion next year, or 34 percent of the $961 billion worth of total tax expenditures in the federal budget. Tax-favored employment-based health insurance benefits ac...

Flavones correspond to a flavonoid subgroup that is widely distributed in the plants, and which can be synthesized by different pathways, depending on whether they contain C- or O-glycosylation and hydroxylated B-ring. Flavones are emerging as very important specialized metabolites involved in plant signaling and defense, as well as key ingredients of the human diet, with significant health ben...

OBJECTIVE Numerous scientific studies show that certain combinations of dietary and/or lifestyle factors produce health benefits which are greater than the sum of the benefits associated with each factor alone. To address an existing knowledge gap, we assessed the extent to which individuals understand that certain combinations present these 'synergistic health benefits'. DESIGN Health benefi...

When steep lightning surge enters a pole-mounted distribution transformer, the voltage distribution of the internal windings is unbalanced. It is known that a layer-to-layer short or a turn-to-turn short occurs where the voltage distribution of windings is high. In this paper, the voltage distribution of the windings was measured at the primary and secondary sides of the transformer using a tes...

ABSTRACT: An intensive research work is carried out to determine the effect of humidity and contamination on cable termination and it’s aging. In this paper, the effect of atmospheric conditions on cable termination has been investigated by measurement of discharge inception voltage, discharge magnitude, dielectric loss and capacitance of each phase of cable. The three possible conditions i.e n...

The rod component of the bacterial flagellum polymerizes from the inner membrane across the periplasmic space and stops at a length of 25 nm at the outer membrane. Bushing structures, the P- and L-rings, polymerize around the distal rod and form a pore in the outer membrane. The flagellar hook structure is then added to the distal rod growing outside the cell. Hook polymerization stops after th...