This paper examines the two most important current efforts to devise new rules binding all nations the negotiations in the WTO of trade rules and the negotiations under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change to devise rules restricting the annual emissions of greenhouse gases. Both negotiations have failed after several years of intensive effort. There are remarkable parallels in these ...

Variational quantum algorithms are ubiquitous in applications of noisy intermediate-scale computers. Due to the structure conventional parametrized gates, evaluated functions typically finite Fourier series input parameters. In this work, we use fact derive new, general parameter-shift rules for single-parameter and provide closed-form expressions apply them. These then extended multi-parameter...

introduction: the rapid increase in health costs across the world has forced governments to use insurance programs. uncontrolled costs would reduce the financial ability of insurance organizations in providing services. abuse of health insurance wastes 3-15% of the health budget annually. this study was conducted to determine cases of violating the rules and regulations of medical services insu...

In the literature, the application of multi-objective dynamic scheduling problem and simple priority rules are widely studied. Although these rules are not efficient enough due to simplicity and lack of general insight, composite dispatching rules have a very suitable performance because they result from experiments. In this paper, a dynamic flexible flow line problem with sequence-dependent se...