The medial shell of nucleus accumbens (NAc) and its mesolimbic dopamine inputs mediate forms of fearful as well as of incentive motivation. For example, either appetitive and/or actively fearful behaviors are generated in a keyboard pattern by localized glutamate disruptions in NAc (via microinjection of the AMPA receptor antagonist DNQX) at different anatomical locations along a rostrocaudal g...

VANET are becoming active area of research and devel- opment because it has potential to increase road safety, convenience and comfort to drivers & passengers. A Lot of research work on VANET have done in area of Quali- ty of Service (QoS), routing and security. These concepts relate the facing challenges for technology in VANET. We present a overview of challenges in VANET. Firstly ,we have di...

Seven double-muscled Belgian Blue bulls (initial BW: 341 ± 21 kg) with cannulas in the rumen and proximal duodenum were used in an incomplete replicated Latin square. The study examined the effect of imbalance between energy and N in the rumen on microbial protein synthesis and N metabolism by giving the same diet according to 3 different feeding patterns. The feed ingredients of the diet were ...

Eight ruminally and duodenally cannulated beef steers (374 +/- 11 kg) were used to evaluate effects of advancing season and grazing treatment (season-long; SL or twice-over rotation; TOR) on dietary composition (Exp. 1 and 2), intake, site and extent of digestion, and microbial efficiency (Exp. 2) of native range. In Exp. 1, six 11-d sample collections were conducted from early June to mid-Nove...

We analyze explicit and implicit contracts in a repeated principal-agent model with observable but only partially contractible actions of the agent. It is shown that the set of implementable actions may increase or decrease if additional actions become contractible. We would like to thank Bengt Holmstrr om who stimulated this research several years ago by telling an anecdote about the insuucien...

Navorsing is gedoen om die stand van indiensopleiding vir verpleegkundiges in die Witwatersrand-gebied te beskryf. Deur ’n literatuurstudie en onderhoude is agt kriteria vir geslaagde indiensopleiding geidentifiseer. Die navorsing is uitgevoer met behulp van ’n vraelys wat op grond van die agt kriteria saamgestel is. Verskeie probleemareas in indiensopleiding is geidentifiseer op grond waarvan ...

Introduction A novel technology often leads to some forms of disruptions that are a result of the average consumer applying new tools in their everyday lives (Lipson and Kurman 2013). The birth of additive manufacturing, commonly known as three-dimensional printing (3DP) technology, took place in 1984 and is finally bringing us to a time of the third industrial revolution (Barnatt 2013). In the...

Many of the utility service problems for the Internet cannot be solved by technical solutions when the causes are outside of the scope of technical explanation. For example, the consequences of management policies, economic requirements, proprietary rights and Governmental intervention. The result is that endusers experience inconsistent access to the largest global information system and regul...