The present study aimed to analyze reprint request e-mail messages written by postgraduates (MA students) of two fields of study, namely Physics and EFL, to realize the differences and similarities between the two email types. To investigate the purpose of the study, a sample of 100 e-mail messages, 50 Physics and 50 EFL, were analyzed according to Swales’ (1990) model for reprint requests and ...

511 commercial emails from four asian countries, namely china, pakistan, india, and iran have been analyzed in a mixed-method design. the focus of the study is on the two features of politeness and intimacy. in the quantitative analysis, the model proposed by brown & levinson (1987) and that of coulmas (2005) which have drawn upon the features of indirectness in requesting and the length of...

Writing is an important aspect in language teaching and learning in which teacher should continue developing some techniques in teaching writing so that students can improve and master their writing ability. Alwasilah (2001:37) states that the responsibility for developing a specific or a professional writing skill is in school hands. While Heaton (1998:138) supports the importance of writing b...

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The design of the entire system was carried out by the National Center for Informatics in the Public Administration of Italy (DigitPA), followed by efforts for the implementation and testing of the service. The DigitPA has given the Italian National Research Council (CNR), and in particular the Institute of Information Science and Technologies at the CNR (ISTI), the task of running tests on pro...

The sustainability of any Data Warehouse System (DWS) is closely correlated with user satisfaction. Therefore, analysts, designers and developers focused more on achieving all its functionality, without considering others kinds of requirement such as dependability’s aspects. Moreover, these latter are often considered as properties of the system that will must be checked and corrected once the ...

This paper describes the development of a multimedia dictionary writing system for the Czech Sign Language dictionary, prepared in cooperation of several institutions dedicated to the sign language research and study. The presented dictionary system takes the advantage of electronic format and strongly relies on the use of multimedia evidences. The dictionary system has to deal with large amoun...

SIR JOHN FLOYER (1649-1734) may justifiably be credited with the invention of the first efficient instrument of precision to merit application in clinical practice. His own account of the development of a pulse watch for the accurate measurement of pulse rates in his patients has often been quoted,'7 and the instrument is known to have been commercially available in 1707.8 But Gunn,3 writing in...