The enclosure, lighting and equipment of existing residential buildings have been determined. Therefore, the occupancy behavior has a great influence on energy consumption air conditioning in buildings. In this paper, building was selected as research object, long- term sorted out. Then through calculation correction with actual data, characteristics which are related to personnel timetable, co...

With 60% of the world's raw materials extraction, construction sector is largest consumer materials. The consumption can be reduced through reuse and recycling building which reached their end-of-life; however, there lack information on stock. This paper presents a bottom-up approach based Building Information Modeling (BIM) Geographic System (GIS) to assess material quantities. To test this ap...

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to propose a framework for implementing the delivery energy retrofit project in existing buildings. This premised on need attainment sustainable built environment through delivering building retrofit. A mixed design approach that situated pragmatic philosophical stance was adopted unravel complexities retrofitting Structured and semi-structured interview we...

• Montelukast is an oral leukotriene receptor antagonist. It has had a UK licence since 1998 as addon therapy for the treatment of patients, 6 years or older, with mild to moderate asthma inadequately controlled on ‘as required’ short-acting β-agonists and inhaled corticosteroids. It is also licensed for prophylaxis of asthma in which the predominant component is exercise-induced bronchoconstri...