effects of acute systemic hypoxia on the cardiovascular system (cys) and respiration of spontaneously breathing cats were studied in two conditions. 1): hypoxic air (6-8% 02 in n2) was given to the animal to induce systemic hypoxia for 20 minutes. hyperventilation at this condition lowered arterial c02 tension (pac02 hypocapnia). 2): in the second run, induction of hypocapnia was prevented by a...

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive and fatal disease with no cure. Vascular remodeling in PH involves intraluminal growth of endothelial and smooth muscle cells, leading to obliterative vascular lesions. Cell growth in these lesions is quasi-neoplastic, with evidence of monoclonality, apoptosis resistance and cancer-like metabolic derangements. Herein we tested the effect of human int...

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome is characterized by vascular permeability, hypoxia, and acute pulmonary edema. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is induced by hypoxia, potently induces vascular permeability, and is associated with high-altitude-induced pulmonary edema. Hantaviruses alter the normal regulation of β3 integrins that restrict VEGF-directed permeability and hantavirus infected...

Grade 4 malignant glioma (GBM) is a fatal disease despite aggressive surgical and adjuvant therapies. The hallmark of GBM tumors is the presence of pseudopalisading necrosis and microvascular proliferation. These tumor cells are hypoxic and express hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), a prosurvival transcription factor that promotes formation of neovasculature through activation of target genes,...

A 37 year old woman was admitted to the hospital with acute severe asthma, shortly followed by respiratory failure and circulatory arrest. Despite intensive cardio-pulmonary resuscitation, during which extreme arterial hypoxaemia persisted, the patient died. Postmortem examination revealed a patent foramen ovale, with a diameter of 1 cm. A severe right-to-left shunt, initiated by acute pulmonar...

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a fatal disease that lacks an effective therapy. Notch signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the angiogenesis and vascular remodeling. However, its roles in vascular remodeling in PH have not been well studied. In the current study, using hypoxia-induced PH model in rat, we examined the expression of Notch and its downstream factors. Then, we used vessel strip...

In 1875, Paul Bert linked high altitude danger to the low partial pressure of oxygen when 2 of 3 French balloonists died euphorically at about 8,600 m altitude. World War I fatal crashes of high altitude fighter pilots led to a century of efforts to use oximetry to warn pilots. The carotid body, discovered in 1932 to be the hypoxia detector, led to most current physiologic understanding of the ...

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is one of the most common causes of community-acquired pneumonia in children and young adults. Although MP sometimes causes self-limiting pneumonia, severe and fulminant cases with hypoxia occur, but their clinical features have rarely been reported. This study aimed to reveal the clinical manifestations, risk factors, and treatment of fulminant MP pneumonia (MPP). Us...

Objective- The objective of the present study was to determine the changes in heart rate, respiratory rate and arterial Oxygen saturation (SpO2) by administration of three drug combinations during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Design- Experimental study. Animals- 21 healthy and adults dog were randomly divided into three groups. Procedures- The IV combination of 6.5 mg/kg ketamine and 0....