Dorn, R.I., ]990. Quaternary alkalini ty f luctuations recorded in rock varnish microlaminat ions on western U.S.A. volcanics. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol. , Palaeoecol., 76:291 310. Rock varnish contains an a l te rnat ing micron-scale layering of manganese-r ich and manganese-poor microchemical laminations. Holocene varnishes have lower Mn:Fe ratios when exposed to alkaline environments and ...

The paper analyses features of the species composition and diversity biotic communities living within ferromanganese nodule fields (the Clarion-Clipperton field), cobalt-manganese crusts Magellan Seamounts) deep-sea polymetallic sulphides Ashadze-1, Ashadze-2, Logatchev Krasnov fields) in Russian exploration areas Pacific Atlantic Oceans. Prospects mining solid minerals world’s oceans with leas...

The differentiation of Fe and Mn within the nodules its relation to fabric is a well-known phenomenon. However, relationship this mineralogy was not studied yet. This study aimed fill gap through micro-mineralogical geochemical investigation from soils with different hydromorphic conditions by electron probe microanalysis micro-X-Ray diffractometry. Different hydromorphism resulted in same nodu...