An imaging technology, thermoacoustic tomograpy (TAT), was applied to the visualization of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU)-induced lesions. A single, spherically focused ultrasonic transducer, operating at a central frequency of approximately 4 MHz, was used to generate a HIFU field in fresh porcine muscle. Microwave pulses from a 3-GHz microwave generator were then employed to generat...

High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) guided by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive treatment that potentially reduces patient morbidity, lowers costs, and increases treatment accessibility. Traditionally, piezoelectric transducers are used for HIFU, but capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUTs) have many advantages, including fabrication flexibility, low loss, an...

Flow sensitive static analyses are often more precise than their flow insensitive counterparts, but much more expensive. To cope with this problem, we defined, some years ago, a watchpoint semantics as an abstract interpretation of a trace semantics. It is not itself a trace semantics, but it lets us specify flow and control sensitive analyses which are focused on a given set of program points ...

Microtubule arrays direct intracellular organization and define cellular polarity. Here, we show a novel function of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta) in the organization of microtubule arrays through the interaction with Bicaudal-D (BICD). BICD is known to form a complex with dynein-dynactin and to function in the intracellular vesicle trafficking. Our data revealed that GSK-3beta is ...

Ageing is related to significant declines in cognitive functioning. This effect can have a serious impact on the physical and psychological health of older adults as well as their quality of life. One phenomenon linked to cognitive deficits, particularly attention, that has been demonstrated to emerge with ageing is over-selectivity. Over-selectivity occurs when behavior is controlled by a limi...

For the foreign student it is very important to own skills of the academic letter. It is an important indicator of professional and research competence of the student. The mobility of foreign graduates of the Russian higher education institutions depends on their level of proficiency in the academic Russian letter as communications between the educational and scientific organizations extend at ...