Wallerian degeneration in the CNS and PNS consists of degradation and phagocytosis of axons and their myelin sheath distal to the site of injury. This process of degeneration, which requires an effective macrophage response, occurs rapidly in peripheral nerves but is slow in the CNS. Rapid Wallerian degeneration in peripheral nerves may contribute to subsequent axonal regeneration. We show that...

Introduction Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is the most common of the hereditary autoinflammatory disorders. FMF is caused by mutations of MEFV gene which encodes for pyrin. It has been recently reported that frequency of FMF-like symptoms decreases from patients carrying two high penetrance mutations towards patients with a single low penetrance mutation. The effectiveness of interleukin (...

Introduction Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is the most common hereditary autoinflammatory syndrome affecting >10,000 people in Israel. FMF is caused by mutations in the MEFV gene, which encodes for the pyrin protein that is part of the inflammation complex that activates IL-1b. Evidence from case reports/series and one controlled study supports IL-1 blockage as a potential treatment for FM...

Background:Metabolic flexibility is the capacity of a system to adjust fuel (primarily glucose and fatty acids) oxidation based on nutrient availability. Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4 (PDK4) is one of the main enzymes that play a critical role in metabolic flexibility. In current study, we examined PDK4 inhibition along with exercise training (ET) on the gene expression of Es...

Background and Purpose—Ischemic brain injury secondary to arterial occlusion is characterized by acute local inflammation, which involves accumulation of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN). Factors that influence the recruitment of PMN could represent new therapeutic targets in acute stroke. In this prospective study we evaluated numbers of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) expressing ...

background: interleukin-27 is a heterodimeric cytokine belonging to il-12 and il-23 families, secreted  by antigen presenting cells( apcs ) .the il-27 is composed of 2 subunits: epstein-barr virus induced gene 3 (ebi3) and p28. il-27 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine which has an inhibitory effect on th17 population and suppress the il-17 expression. it is suggested that il-27 could be a potent ...

Chronic wound healing is a common disease, striking mostly vulnerable population, elderly people and with diabetes. In chronic wounds, neutrophils together macrophages set inadequate inflammation sustain it. The involvement of Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in this mechanism not fully understood. Thus, the aim study to reveal neutrophil NETs role healing, which signal regulate further fa...

Background: Rhinitis, which occurs most commonly as allergic rhinitis and affects 20% of the world’s population, is a major health care burden causing significant morbidity. Considering the high prevalence of allergic rhinitis and anti-inflammatory effects of thyme, a favorite condiment, we performed a randomized clinical trial to determine whether thyme can relieve allergic rhinitis symp...