Y. R. Chao’s (1955) ‘Notes on Chinese Grammar and Logic’ illustrated how logical relations are encoded in Chinese Grammar and his Chinese grammar (Chao 1968) introduced the grammatical category of Measure (M) in Determiner-Measure (D-M) Compounds. Subsequent studies of Chinese typically adopt the general linguistic term of classifier (Aikenvald 2003) and either refer to Chao’s M as a classifier...

Muslims believe that the The Holy Quran is the message of God Almighty which has been transmitted to His messenger, Prophet Mohammad (PBUH), through revelation in the Arabic language. This Holy book has been translated into many languages, including English. Although the content of the The Holy Quran has been translated into the English language, few studies have been conducted to explore the b...

The last decades witnessed the significant impact of using corpora on linguistics and language education. Particularly, introduction direct application Data-Driven Learning (DDL) has brought helpful tools in learning teaching languages. This study investigated effect confusing grammatical constructs , gerunds infinitives, to EFL students. Further, explore d students’ perceptions grammar. adopt ...

Abstract This study addresses the role of domain-general mechanisms in second-language learning and knowledge using an individual differences approach. We examine predictive validity implicit-statistical aptitude for implicit knowledge. Participants ( n = 131) completed a battery four measures nine grammar tests. Structural equation modeling revealed that only alternating serial reaction time t...

Abstract This study was an attempt to investigate the effect of collaborative form-focused activities on grammar learning of elementary EFL learners. To this end, 58 adult male Iranian EFL learners at elementary level of proficiency in three classes of language institutes were chosen. They formed the three groups of the study. The grammar section of Cambridge Michigan Placement test was used to...

Abstract This study was an attempt to investigate the effect of collaborative form-focused activities on grammar learning of elementary EFL learners. To this end, 58 adult male Iranian EFL learners at elementary level of proficiency in three classes of language institutes were chosen. They formed the three groups of the study. The grammar section of Cambridge Michigan Placement test was used to...

Abstract The Constant Rate Hypothesis (CRH) predicts that a linguistic innovation should spread at identical rates of change in all grammatical contexts which it is used (Kroch 1989. Reflexes grammar patterns language change. Language Variation and Change 1(3). 199–244). Weaknesses previous tests the CRH are identified. A new study conducted improves upon them. It utilizes syntactic late Modern...

Systemic functional grammar constructs a grammar for the purpose of text analysis to investigate how grammar is used as a means of making meaning. Grammatical metaphor is one of the language phenomena introduced by Halliday (2004) in the framework of functional grammar. The present work focuses on the application of Halliday’s metafunctional framework in health texts of English newspapers. The ...

This paper describes the tests made on chunking methods used for plagiarism detection. The result of the tests makes it possible to decide on the best fitting chunking method for a given application. For example, overlapping word chunking is good for a grammar analyzer or for small databases, sentence chunking suits best for finding quoted texts, hashed breakpoint chunking is the fastest method...

the objective of the present study was to identify and examine the influence of instructional tools, namely, games, songs and stories on young iranian efl learners’ achievement utilizing a quantitative design. to conduct the study 65 iranian efl learners, divided into an experimental group and a control group, learning english at navid english institute, shiraz, iran, participated in the study....