Monologue grammar development for under-resourced languages is very slow and laborious (involves creating rules to generate the computational enable analysis synthesis of language(s) in question). However, need continues soar this technology-driven economy information analysis. This paper aims set up an experiment grammatical framework (GF), evaluate efficiency effectiveness Bantu parameterized...

This study aimed to investigate the impact of textual enhancement and metalinguistic explanation as focus-on-form tasks tending to encourage the acquisition of nominal clauses (NCs) in English. It explored (a) whether textual enhancement and metalinguistic explanation would promote and enhance the knowledge of NCs, (b) whether these two tasks would differ in terms of enhancing learners' knowled...

This study attempted to investigate the impact of teacher’s code-switching on the acquisition of a problematic grammatical structure, namely, object relative clauses, by intermediate EFL learners. Moreover, a secondary objective of the study was to determine the EFL learners’ attitudes and opinions regarding the effectiveness of teacher’s code-switching in their learning of a specific aspect of...

the commentary of mir sayyed sharif jurjani on ibn hajib’s kafaya is the most valid persian commentary on this grammar book. jurjani has expressed the arabic grammar principles through an eloquent and simple language, yet in a robust and logical style. the discussion of triptote and diptote is among the most elaborate and complex topics of arabic grammar. however, jurjani has discussed differen...

In this paper, two different ways of introducing alternation for lattice-valued (referred to as {L}valued)  regular tree grammars and {L}valued top-down tree automata are compared. One is the way which defines the alternating regular tree grammar, i.e., alternation is governed by the non-terminals of the grammar and the other is the way which combines state with alternation. The first way is ta...

abstract this study was an attempt to investigate the effect of collaborative form-focused activities on grammar learning of elementary efl learners. to this end, 58 adult male iranian efl learners at elementary level of proficiency in three classes of language institutes were chosen. they formed the three groups of the study. the grammar section of cambridge michigan placement test was used to...