The first experimental SAM for Iran was constructed more than three decades ago under the supervision of Prof. Pyatt. Based on this work Prof Pyatt had observed that the way in which Iran was spending oil revenues was likely to exacerbate urban—rural income differentials in Iran. In his approach to SAM he did not distinguish between factorial and institutional income distributions preferring to...

• Most of the urban poor in developing countries spend their lives in insecure, poorly paid jobs • They participate in economic growth, and adjust to economic change, through urban labour markets • Pro-poor urbanisation requires labour intensive growth, supported by labour protection, flexible land use regulation and investments in basic services U rbanisation is taking place on a massive scale...

• Most of the urban poor in developing countries spend their lives in insecure, poorly paid jobs • They participate in economic growth, and adjust to economic change, through urban labour markets • Pro-poor urbanisation requires labour intensive growth, supported by labour protection, flexible land use regulation and investments in basic services U rbanisation is taking place on a massive scale...

  There is a significant relationship between economic growth and the degree of urban concentration, as measured by primacy or the share of the largest city in an urban system. In accordance to urban economic theories, there is an inverse-U shape relationship between urban concentration –urban primacy- and economic growth. That is, as economy grows, urban concentration increases, approaches a...

multi-criteria evaluation methods (mcem) have been widely used in the scientific arena as well as in urban and regional planning. the analytic network process (anp) is one the mcem that includes relevant tangible as well as intangible criteria and sub-criteria. it allows for a more complex relationship among the decision levels and attributes, as it does not require a strict hierarchical struct...

Abstract Considering the increasing demand for urban water and low water-use efficiency in agricultural sector, an exchange of treated wastewater could be a fundamental solution administering sustainable management resources. However, implementing intersectoral project is influenced by economic, social, environmental conditions each region, especially developing countries. Therefore, this study...

The paper seeks to highlight how the character and values of marginal landscapes can be considered examples of the “third landscape” and how they can enable the mapping of tangible and intangible change (and its relative effects) through the selection of appropriate spatial indicators. A Dynamic Spatial Decision Support System was constructed to help identify the complex values characterizing a...