Honey bees (Apis mellifera) are susceptible to a wide range of pathogens, including a broad set of viruses. Recently, next-generation sequencing has expanded the list of viruses with, for instance, two strains of Lake Sinai Virus. Soon after its discovery in the USA, LSV was also discovered in other countries and in other hosts. In the present study, we assemble four almost complete LSV genomes...

The hive of the honey bee is a suitable habitat for diverse mites (Acari), including nonparasitic, omnivorous, and pollen-feeding species, and parasites. The biology and damage of the three main pest species Acarapis woodi, Varroa jacobsoni, and Tropilaelaps clareae is reviewed, along with detection and control methods. The hypothesis that Acarapis woodi is a recently evolved species is rejecte...

We present a simple SIR-Ross-MacDonald like model of the infestation of a honeybee (Apis mellifera) colony by the Acute Bee Paralysis Virus (ABPV), which is transmitted by parasitic varroa mites (Varroa destructor) as vector. This is a four dimensional system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations for the dependent variables healthy and virus infected bees, number of mites in the colony o...

  Honey is a by-product of flower nectar and the upper aero-digestive tract of the honey bee, which is concentrated through a dehydration process inside the bee hive. Honey has a very complex chemical composition that varies depending on the botanical source. It has been used both as food and medicine since ancient times. Human use of honey is traced to some 8000 years ago as depicted by Stone ...

Honey production from approximately 1.6 million colonies owned by about 199,000 Korean beekeepers was almost 23,000 metric tons in 2009. Nosema causes significant losses in honey production and the virus decreases population size. We initiated a survey of honey bee colonies on the blooming period of Acacia to determine the prevalence of Nosema and virus in 2011. Most Korean beekeepers have move...

Queen fecundity is a critical issue for the health of honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies, as she is the only reproductive female in the colony and responsible for the constant renewal of the worker bee population. Any factor affecting the queen's fecundity will stagnate colony development, increasing its susceptibility to opportunistic pathogens. We discovered a pathology affecting the ovari...

Honey bees play an important agricultural and ecological role as pollinators of numerous agricultural crops and other plant species. Therefore, investigating the factors associated with high annual losses of honey bee colonies in the US is an important and active area of research. Pathogen incidence and abundance correlate with Colony Collapse Disorder- (CCD-) affected colonies in the US and co...

the effect of honey, royal jelly and bee pollenon performance, immune system and blood factors of japanese quail, using 160 quail chicks in a completely randomized design by four treatments ]control (without additives), pollen powder 1 g/kg, royal jelly 125 ppm/l, honey 22 g/l) and four replicates of 10 chicks in each replication for 42 days. the experimental groups had no significant effect on...

A laboratory technique to study the effects of Varroa destructor and viruses on developing worker honey bees Lilia I de Guzman, Kitiphong Khongphinitbunjong, Thomas E Rinderer, Matthew R Tarver and Amanda M Frake USDA/ARS, Honey Bee Breeding, Genetics and Physiology Laboratory, 1157 Ben Hur Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70820, USA. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chian...

Deformed wing virus (DWV), notorious for its virulence in the western honey bee (Apis mellifera) when vectored by ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor, is also widespread among wild bumble species, presumably through spillover from bees. Experimental studies on of DWV Bombus spp. have provided equivocal results and until now been confined to bees under laboratory conditions. Here, we inoculated...