The epiphyte Pantoea agglomerans 48b/90 (Pa48b) is a promising biocontrol strain against economically important bacterial pathogens such as Erwinia amylovora. Strain Pa48b produces the broad-spectrum antibiotic 2-amino-3-(oxirane-2,3-dicarboxamido)-propanoyl-valine (APV) in a temperature-dependent manner. An APV-negative mutant still suppressed the E. amylovora population and fire blight diseas...

The evolution of the plant immune response has resulted in a highly effective defense system that is able to resist potential attack by microbial pathogens. The primary immune response is referred to as pathogen associated molecular pattern (PAMP) triggered immunity and has evolved to recognize common features of microbial pathogens. In response to the delivery of pathogen effector proteins, pl...

microbial endophytes, which make one of the most important classes of soil microorganisms, induce genetic, physiological and ecological alterations in their host plant and thus increase its yield and enable its cultivation in saline or dry soils or in climates facing biotic and abiotic stresses. the endophyte fungus piriformospora indica exhibits a high effect in plant growth and increased resi...

The ubiquitin-26S proteasome degradation system (UPS) plays a pivotal role in almost all aspects of plant life, including defending against pathogens. Although the proteasome is important for plant immunity, it has been found to be also exploited by pathogens using effectors to increase their virulence. Recent work on the XopJ effector and syringolin A/syrbactins has highlighted host proteasome...

Aphids are economically important pests that cause extensive feeding damage and transmit viruses. While some species have a broad host range and cause damage to a variety of crops, others are restricted to only closely related plant species. While probing and feeding aphids secrete saliva, containing effectors, into their hosts to manipulate host cell processes and promote infestation. Aphid ef...

The increase in food production requires reduction of the damage caused by plant pathogens, minimizing environmental impact management practices. Soil-borne pathogens are among most relevant that affect soybean crop yield. Soybean sudden death syndrome (SDS), several distinct species Fusarium, produces significant yield losses leading soybean-producing countries North and South America. Current...