Det blir allt vanligare att man använder kroppsfrämmande material i dagens sjukvård. Materialen, som kan utgöra allt ifrån slangar, dialysmembran, katetrar, blodpumpar och proteser m.m., används för att bota patienter eller för att minska symptomen från olika typer av sjukdomar. Dessa typer av kroppsfrämmande material kallas för biomaterial eftersom de är avsedda att komma i kontakt med biologi...

Global health networks—webs of individuals and organizations linked by a shared concern for a particular condition—have proliferated over the past quarter century. In a recent editorial in this journal, I presented evidence that their effectiveness in addressing four challenges—problem definition, positioning, coalitionbuilding and governance—shapes their ability to influence policy. The editor...

where i, j, and t are firm-, industry-, and time-specific subscripts. Yit is the output of firm i in year t in the form of total sales, and Y j is the corresponding geometric mean in industry j. xit denotes the use of factor z. We consider three factors of production, labor, capital, and material input costs. Labor input is measured by the total wage bill, capital by gross fixed assets, and mat...

the archaeologists who have investigated ziwiyeh have presented different views about the constructors of material culture and its artistic styles. the majority of them, relying on one single object and analyzing its inscription and comparison with similar cases of adjacent cultures and sites, have attributed the origin of materials and artistic styles with respective region, and on the basis o...