Sir William Osler was the Regius Professor of Medicine in Oxford at the end of World War I. In those days there was a great demand for postgraduate medical education. This was the motive for the foundation of the Fellowship of Postgraduate Medicine, under the presidency of William Osler. Osler himself had received his postgraduate education in Europe, from 1872 to 1874, during a two year sabbat...

the argument of order is the most simple, common and affective argument in theism. due to its generality, or the wide range of the presenters and the addressees of this argument which almost cover all human beings, it has some inaccuracies in its explanation, understanding , and its main claim; this is to an extent that some improper doubts has been posed about it. professors motahhari and java...

gadamer considers understanding as an event which is the result of the fusion of horizon of interpreter and horizon of the text. from his point of view, understanding has a fundamental connection with the concept of horizon and in fact horizon is the central point in the process of understanding. horizon for nietzsche is a limiting concept which is not able to be transitive. husserl draws his a...

My paper has two parts. First, I talk about the golden rule. After introducing the rule and its global importance, I explain why many scholars dismiss it as a vague proverb that leads to absurdities when we try to formulate it clearly. I defend the golden rule against such objections. Second, I talk about the golden rule in Persia and Islam; I consider Persian sources (Muslim and non-Muslim) an...

dolat abadi’s kalidar had been narrated from the intrusive third person point of view. in this way of narration, although the narrator has not physical presence but revealshls his feeling every where in the text. some of critics, like hooshang golshiri, believe that this kind of narration and story telling come from far pasts. the fact is that, the narrator intrusions in kalidar’s stories has m...

In this paper, I will discuss a well-known oscillation in Frege’s conception of sense. My point is only partially concerned with his two different criteria of sense identity, and touches upon a more specific point: what happens if we apply Frege’s intuitive criterion for the difference of thoughts to logically equivalent sentences? I will try to make a schematic argument here that will preempt ...

In this paper, I will discuss a well-known oscillation in Frege's conception of sense. My point is only partially concerned with his two different criteria of sense identity, and touches upon a more specific point: what happens if we apply Frege’s intuitive criterion for the difference of thoughts to logically equivalent sentences? I will try to make a schematic argument here that will preempt ...

In the following article, I will explain Hegel’s definition of modernity from point view his understanding “Bildung,” since this is a fundamental and newly relevant theme philosophy nowadays. “Bildung” can be transliterated as education, but may also interpreted general formative or developmental process, cultivation (culture, respectively). With term Hegel refers to self-development mind, its ...

Abstract In this article, I elucidate the significance of Heidegger’s ‘question being’ from a topological point view by explaining relationship between his thought place and language. After exploring various hermeneutic strategies reading oeuvre, turn to Richard Capobianco’s interpretation Heidegger critically engage with idea experience being itself as ‘luminous self-showing logos ’. doing so,...