hydrogels are introduced to modem medicine as novel materials suitable for a variety ofbiomedical applications. studying hydrogels as novel biomaterials has become a fast-developingand exciting research field during the last two decades. these interesting biomaterials have found awide range of application including contact lenses, vehicles for drug delivery and scaffold in tissueengineering and...

abstract  background: spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis can be associated with significant  low back pain, especially in physically active adolescents. non-operative management  is usually successful in improving symptoms, but surgical intervention is  occasionally required. the aim of this study was to determine the effect of in situ posterolateral  fusion in the treatment of refractory case...

malignant papillary neoplasms of the breast comprise a number of microscopically distinct lesions, where apocrine metaplasia is commonly found in papillomas compared to other papillary lesions including papillary carcinomas. however, association of apocrine metaplasia in papilloma with ductal carcinoma in situ (dcis) is not very well defined. the lesions with apocrine metaplasia are not only di...

In the vast majority of atom transfer radical polymerizations, alkyl bromides or chlorides are commonly employed as initiators. Herein, iodides demonstrated ATRP

An in-depth characterization of PDMAEMA prepared by ATRP was conducted, with a focus on end group analysis. This work discusses analytical tools providing essential information about the extent control over DMAEMA polymerization and chain extension.

Polymeric building blocks containing terminal azide and alkyne functionalities are prepared via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and used to modularly synthesize block copolymers via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions, which are quantitative according to SEC measurements.

background: it has been claimed that by using different washing methods, the sperms can be separated according to size, motility, density, chromosomal content and surface markings and charge. these methods also reduce sperm chromatin deficiencies and screen the sperms before applying in assisted reproduction techniques. objective: this study compared simple density gradient methods and a combin...

purpose: to evaluate and compare tear secretion and tear film instability following laser in situ keratomileusis (lasik) and laser assisted subepithelial keratectomy (lasek). methods: in a randomized clinical trial, 30 eyes of 15 patients underwent lasik and 30 eyes of 15 patients underwent lasek to correct myopia. tear secretion and tear film instability were tested preoperatively, 2 and 6 wee...