1.Background of the Problem The global climatic warm-up is a common challenge facing mankind, and also one of the global ecological crises most concerned by mankind. Such concern has been fully reflected in the Framework Convention on Climatic Changes (FCCC) signed by more than 150 countries, and several negotiations afterwards. Meantime, in view of the ambiguity in the statements of the framew...

This paper defends a gestural origins hypothesis about the evolution of enhanced communication and language in the hominin lineage. The paper shows that we can develop an incremental model of language evolution on that hypothesis, but not if we suppose that language originated in an expansion of great ape vocalization. On the basis of the gestural origins hypothesis, the paper then advances sol...

Distributed constraint satisfaction, in its most general acceptation, involves a collection of agents solving local constraint satisfaction subproblems, and a communication protocol between agents, in order to allow the distributed system converge to a global solution. The literature, however, often concentrates on the reduction where each agent owns exactly one variable, under the rationale th...

Domain-specific information retrieval normally depends on general search engines, or systems which support browsing using handcrafted organisation of documents, but such systems are costly to build and maintain. An alternative approach for specialised domains is to build a retrieval system incrementally and dynamically by allowing users to evolve their own organisation of documents and to assis...

Various researches have been carried out about benefits of accounting information and their influence on decision making of financial statements users. For example, many researches have examined the relationship between accounting variables and stock returns or stock price. This study determines and compares the relative and incremental content of accounting variables, too. For this purpose, th...

An animal’s social life presents him with a constant yet varying series of challenges that they must solve daily if they want to survive and reproduce. An evolutionary approach to the evolution of social behavior and cognition predicts the convergent emergence of similar patterns and abilities in animal species facing similar challenges, as well as the emergence of a large diversity of behavior...

The Eclipse Modeling Framework (EMF) and its meta-meta model Ecore support uni-directional and bi-directional references. It is quite common that references are defined uni-directionally only because of saving storage space or separating meta models, which is problematic when implementing Object Constraint Language (OCL) constraints that require navigation against the direction of unidirectiona...