We study the constraints which currently planned radiotelescopes could place on the nature of dark energy, dark matter and inflation by studying the gravitational lensing of high redshift 21 cm emission, and we compare with the constraints obtainable from wide-angle surveys of galaxy lensing. If the reionization epoch is effectively at z ∼ 8 or later, very large amounts of cosmological informat...

We study the effects of inflation in models with various trading frictions. The framework is related to recent search-based monetary theory, in that trade takes place periodically in centralized and decentralized markets, but we consider three alternative mechanisms for price formation: bargaining, price taking, and posting. Both the value of money per transaction and market composition are end...

In these lectures I review the standard hot big-bang cosmology, emphasizing its successes, its shortcomings, and its major challenge—a detailed understanding of the formation of structure in the Universe. I then discuss the motivations for—and the fundamentals of—inflationary cosmology, particularly emphasizing the quantum origin of metric (density and gravity-wave) perturbations. Inflation add...

I review the general aspects of cosmological parameter estimation from observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature anisotropies in the framework of inflationary adiabatic models. The most recent CMB datasets are starting to give good constraints on the relevant parameters of inflationary adiabatic models. They point toward a model consistent with the basic predictions of i...

Based on standard New Keynesian models I show that policy counterfactuals based on the theoretical structural VAR representations of the models fail to reliably capture the impact of changes in the parameters of the Taylor rule on the (reduced-form) properties of the economy. Based on estimated models for the Great Inflation and the most recent period, I show that, as a practical matter, the pr...

This paper evaluates the association between economic environment in the districts of Madrid (Spain) and physical inactivity, using income per capita as indicator of economic environment. The analysis included 6,601 individuals aged 16 to 74 years. The measure of association estimated was the prevalence odds ratio for physical inactivity by income per capita. After adjusting for sex, age, and i...

OBJECTIVE To see whether adverse relations between social class, health, and economic activity, observed between 1973 and 1993 and previously identified in a 1996 BMJ paper, were still apparent between 1994 and 2009 despite improvements in the general economic climate and overall population health. DESIGN Replication of repeated cross sectional analysis from the original paper, using the same...