In this study, the adsorption of thallium (III) ion from aqueous solutions onto modified ZnOnanopowder as a fairly low cost adsorbent has been investigated in batch mode. It was found thatmodification of the adsorbent was essential for obtaining the significant adsorption percentage. Theadsorbent modified by sodium phosphate solution. The effect of experimental parameters such asinitial pH of s...

Ion-specific interactions between two colloidal particles are calculated using a modified Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) equation and Monte Carlo (MC)simulations. PB equations present good results of ionic concentration profiles around a macroion, especially for salt solutions containing monovalent ions. These equations include not only electrostatic interactions, but also dispersion potentials origina...

The behavior of ion-exchange chromatography is well understood with respect to changes in ionic strength, pH, resin ligand density, bed height, elution flow rate, and gradient slope. Their relative importance for any specific chromatographic situation varies. When a chromatographic operation utilized to purify a human therapeutic protein is prepared for validation before commercial production, ...

The interaction of ions with interfaces and, in particular, the high specificity of these interactions to the particular ions considered, are central questions in the field of surface forces. Here we study the effect of different salts (NaI, NaCl, CaCl₂ and MgCl₂) on monolayers made of cholesterol molecules, both experimentally (surface area vs. lateral pressure isotherms measured by a Langmuir...

The mechanisms that allow the long-term survival of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)Limmunologically enhanced organ allografts are poorly understood (1-5). In rodents, enhancement can be induced by treatment with either hyperimmune serum at the time of grafting or prior immunization with donor ailoantigen. After a treatment rejection episode, many of these rats develop a state in which th...

As computer technology plays an increasing important role in particle accelerator facilities, instrumentation systems can be expected to include web connections and other remote capability features. The Michigan Ion Beam Laboratory at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor has developed remote monitor and control capability by using a combination of commercial software packages and in-house so...

Metal cations are ubiquitous components in biological environments and play an important role in regulating cellular functions and membrane properties. By applying metadynamics simulations, we have performed systematic free energy calculations of Na(+), K(+), Ca(2+), and Mg(2+) bound to phospholipid membrane surfaces for the first time. The free energy landscapes unveil specific binding behavio...

A biochemical model coupled with an iterative nonlinear least-squares program was used to estimate stoichiometric parameters for fermentat ion of soluble carbohydrate, starch, hemicellulose, cellulose and protein in the rumen. Fermentat ion parameters were deduced for two sets of l i terature data, on (1) a roughage group of 60 diets fed to 137 animals and (2) a concentrate group of 48 diets fe...

Measuring heat flow through nanoscale devices poses formidable practical difficulties as there is no "ampere meter" for heat. We propose to overcome this problem in a chain of trapped ions, where laser cooling the chain edges to different temperatures induces a heat current of local vibrations (vibrons). We show how to efficiently control and measure this current, including fluctuations, by cou...