Understanding leadership as a discursive performance, this study explores televised speeches and press briefings on Covid-19 given by the German chancellor Angela Merkel in March April 2020. Merkel’s communications deserve special attention for at least two reasons; first, was hailed one of few national leaders who successfully led through first wave pandemic. Secondly, her were praised example...

In recent years, many countries have faced severe economic challenges due to the worldwide outbreak of covid-19. July 2022, Sri Lanka officially declared bankruptcy. Now, declining tourism industry caused by epidemic, unrealistic agricultural reform bills, debt crisis, and failure religious politics directly affected health sustainability country. Every country must think about better solutions...

despite the often false impression that the analytic philosophy as an anti-metaphysical movement has nothing to do with metaphysics, there can be found good reasons to grant the metaphysical dispositions of analytic philosophers, and thereby, to minimize the anti-metaphysical nature of analytic philosophy in its all phases. since analytic philosophy is a historical movement the main nature of w...

the present essay considers the relationship between intellect and revelation from allameh tabatabaii’s point of view. according to his view point intellect is prior to revelation and the concepts which derived from intellect and revelation will prove this claim. secondly, we will consider the reasons of precedence of intellect according to the documents and some of his works. with reviewing th...

The transition from the industrial age and the growing impact of the global economy on human life which has led to rapid expansion of western urban design culture in countries like Iran, are among the reasons why nowadays there is only a memory left in our minds of our traditional cities. "Urban identity" is one of the most important and most controversial issues among urban designers and other...

This paper presents a novel, type-based exception analysis for EC (an Exception Calculus)—a higher-order, typed programming language with first-class, Java-style exceptions. EC exceptions are predeclared and are subject to a nominal subtyping relation. Every exception has its own type, and generic exception handling is performed by handling a supertype of all applicable exceptions. Typing is ba...