Background: Low birth weight (LBW) is defined as a newborn baby weighing less than 2500 grams. serious condition in developing countries. The impact of cigarette smoke on pregnant women who are exposed to at higher risk complications, such miscarriage, premature birth, or babies born with low weight. This study aims analyze the relationship between exposure secondhand and Subjects Method: resea...

A retrospective study conducted at Christian Medical College (CMC) Teaching Hospital, Vellore, India on 14th August 2014 to assess the accuracy of clinically estimated foetal weight upon labour admission. Estimating foetal weight is a crucial factor in assessing maternal and foetal complications during and after labour. Medical notes of ninety-eight postnatal women who fulfilled the inclusion c...

730 low birth weight (lbw) neonates and 1460 controls were selected from 13,123 neonates born from october 1988 to june 1989 in 17 hospitals and maternity units in tehran, and were compared for mortality in the first seven and up to 28 days of life (early neonatal period). in this study all low birth weight newborns are divided according to four sub-groups of birth weight, and the mortality wit...

Background: The main nutritional problem in children under five, which is still found many countries the world, stunting. relationship between risk factors for low birth weight (LBW) has been investigated several primary studies with a number of contradictions results. purpose this study was to determine effect on incidence stunting 60 months various using meta-analysis method. Subjects and Met...

Morphine is an agonist of the µ and k receptors, whose activation results in analgesia. Morphine-like agonists act through the µ opioid receptors to cause pain relief, sedation, euphoria and respiratory depression. Morphine is glucuronidated and sulfated at positions 3 and 6; the plasma concentration ratios correlate positively with birth weight, which probably reflects increased liver weight w...

Design: Birth data were collected on all births in Michigan from September 11, 2000, to March 11, 2001, and from September 11, 2001, to March 11, 2002. Self-reported ancestry and a name algorithm were used to determine Arab American ethnicity. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between birth before/after September 11 and birth outcomes. Main...