Recent investigations of water balance in sea snakes demonstrated that amphibious sea kraits (Laticauda spp.) dehydrate in seawater and require fresh water to restore deficits in body water. Here, we report similar findings for Pelamis platurus, a viviparous, pelagic, entirely marine species of hydrophiine ("true") sea snake. We sampled snakes at Golfo de Papagayo, Guanacaste, Costa Rica and de...

Scientific domain: %scientific_domain Subject short description: Water shortage and decline of the quality of fresh water resources make sea water desalination become a major way for drinking water production. Reverse Osmosis (RO) is now the main technology used for seawater desalination, but it shows a limited recovery and the environmental impact of large volumes of rejected brines is still a...

(1) The marine teleost fish, Lagodon rhomboides, can only tolerate fresh water (5 mM Na) if Ca is also present (10 mM). Transfer to Ca-free fresh water is followed by a substantial increase in radioactive Na efflux with little or no change in the transepithelial potential. Addition of the chelating agent EDTA (2 mM) further increases Na efflux. Fish left in Ca-free fresh water for 2-5 h die wit...

A systematic measurement of ions and 2H/1H, 7Li/6Li, 11B/10B, 18O/ 16O, and 87Sr/86Sr isotopes in feed-waters, permeates, and brines from commercial reverse osmosis (RO) desalination plants in Israel (Ashkelon, Eilat, and Nitzana) and Cyprus (Larnaca) reveals distinctive geochemical and isotopic fingerprints of fresh water generated from desalination of seawater (SWRO) and brackish water (BWRO)...

background: rivers and streams are important sources of surface waters. water quality of these resources depends on many factors including hydrologic, physicochemical and biological factors. these resources are important in terms of social, economic and political development.. zayanderood river is the only river in central basin of iran that has permanent fresh water. this river has an importan...

In NE Iceland there are ample geothermal resources both high temperature and low temperature geothermal fields as well as boiling low-temperature or medium enthalpy resources. It is of utmost importance not to waste the energy even where the resources are ample and cascade use of the energy is desirable. Many of the high-temperature fields in the area are now being harnessed for electricity pro...

Using Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) in asphalt mixes has become a common practice in many countries as experience indicated that the recycling of asphalt pavements is very advantageous from different perspectives. Some of the advantages of utilizing RAP include conservation of asphalt and aggregate resources, conservation of energy, and reduction in life-cycle cost. In this study, the suitab...

Tourism is regarded to be the world's largest industry, with about 8% of the worldwide export value of goods and services coming from tourism. Receipts from international tourism are in the order of US$ 475 billion (2000 values). These benefits resulting from international travel can be weighted against the environmental costs of tourism, including the loss of biodiversity, ecosystems, land, an...