We undertook a systematic review of studies assessing the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and measured obesity in low- and middle-income countries (defined by the World Bank as countries with per capita income up to US$12,275) among children, men and women. The evidence on the subject has grown significantly since an earlier influential review was published in 2004. We find that ...

UNLABELLED 'Cochrane Corner' in the November SAMJ highlights a Cochrane review that evaluated the effects of interventions for improving childhood vaccination coverage in low- and middle-income countries. QUESTION Which interventions increase the uptake of childhood vaccines in low and middle-income countries? BOTTOM LINE Health education, home visits, and reminders probably increase the up...

This paper covers previous studies' deficiencies and re-examine the theoretical model using a heterogeneous panel GMM technique, which overcomes cross-section dependency. In current sample of developing nations, developed two models'; 1 consists domestic output gap, second includes foreign gap. According to 1, globalization imports boost inflation level in countries disaggregation analysis (low...

BACKGROUND Policy makers, health staff and communities recognise that health services in lower- and middle-income countries need to improve people's access to HIV treatment and retention to treatment programmes. One strategy is to move antiretroviral delivery from hospitals to more peripheral health facilities or even beyond health facilities. This could increase the number of people with acces...

The 2011 World Bank classification of nations and their economies based on 2010 per capita Gross National Incomes (GNI) lists 35 countries as low income (GNI 1005 US Dollars or less), 56 as lower middle income (1006 – 3975 USD), 54 upper middle income (3976 – 12275 USD) and 70 as high income (12,276 USD or more). Low and middle income countries are often conveniently referred to as developing c...

background: the aim of this study was investigate drinking, driving, and socio-behavioral factors among university students in low and middle income and emerging economy countries. methods: using anonymous questionnaires, data were collected from 18476 university students, of which 15151 (82.0%) were drivers of a car or motorcycle (41.3% men and 58.7% women), with a mean age of 20.7 years (sd=2...

Background As middle-income countries become more affluent, economically sophisticated and productive, health expenditure patterns are likely to change. Other socio-demographic and political changes that accompany rapid economic growth are also likely to influence health spending and financial protection.   Methods This study investigates the relationship between growth on per-capita healthcare...

In the editorial by Dr. Reza Afshari “What is the best research for low income countries” (1), some important issues have been raised, highly relevant to developing countries. In most developing countries including India, emergency medicine is not well established and clinical toxicology is even further a low priority in view of both research and clinical management. The number of poison contro...