Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) act on genital systems and may affect female and male reproductive functions in three different ways, through the obstruction of either male or female reproductive ducts, a significant contribution to perinatal morbidity, mortality, and pregnancy wastage [1]. Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis are known as sexually transmitted agents. Although U. ...

Varicocele is a common condition worldwide. The aim of this five-year prospective study is to examine the effect of varicocelectomy on the fertility profile of affected men in a male infertility clinic in Benin City, Edo State. A total of 45 men aged 16-65 years were diagnosed with varicocele during the period. Forty one (91.1%) had infertility while 4 (8.9%) were unmarried boys with third degr...

Basic understanding of the male reproductive system is fundamental in effective evaluation and treatment of male infertility. This chapter is a concise introduction to the male reproductive anatomy and the intricately designed process of spermatogenesis along with its hormonal control.

It is known that spermatogenic disorders are associated with genetic deficiency, although the primary mechanism is still unclear. It is difficult to demonstrate the molecular events occurring in testis, which contains germ cells at different developmental stages. However, transcriptomic methods can help us reveal the molecular drive of male gamete generation. Many transcriptomic studies have be...

Varicocele is the most common cause of male infertility and is generally correctable, or at least improvable, through various surgical techniques. Although several different techniques for varicocele repair have been described in the literature, microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy is recognised as the gold-standard approach for varicocelectomy due to high success rates with minimal compli...

Male infertility affects 10% of reproductive aged couples worldwide and is treatable in many cases. In addition to other well-described etiologies, genetic causes of male infertility are now more commonly diagnosed. Using principles of evidence-based medicine, this review outlines diagnostic and treatments options to inform clinical management. In order of importance, randomized controlled clin...

CONTEXT New data regarding the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility have emerged and led to an update of the European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines for Male Infertility. OBJECTIVE To review the new EAU guidelines for Male Infertility. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A comprehensive work-up of the literature obtained from Medline, the Cochrane Central Register of Systematic Reviews, an...

The clinical definition of male infertility is the presence of abnormal semen parameters in the male partner of a couple who have been unable to conceive after 1 year of unprotected intercourse (Dohle 2010). The World Health Organization defines male factor infertility as the presence of one or more abnormalities in the semen analysis, or the presence of inadequate sexual or ejaculatory functio...