This paper investigates the generation of quadrature-squeezed states of light using a degenerate optical parametric amplifier ~DOPA! that is pumped by a focused Gaussian beam. The formulation that is presented facilitates the calculation of squeezing for an arbitrary local oscillator beam. This formulation also establishes a formal equivalence between the classical parametric gain and the measu...

When available pasture is greater than 5.5 kg DM/day/100 kg liveweight or post grazing pasture mass is greater than 6-8 cm in height there is no significant increase in liveweight gain in young deer. Feed quality is a problem for summer lactation and it has been shown that the proportion of green leaf in the pasture is closely related to calf liveweight gain. Red clover and the chicory are fora...

Bifacial photovoltaic modules are able to convert the solar radiation reaching their front and rear sides, which means that more electricity can be produced using same array area as monofacial with similar ratings. In some locations, cost per power unit for such a technology has already become cost-competitive conventional modules. The so-called effective irradiance bifacial gain useful metrics...

It is well established that GABAergic inputs to the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) tonically suppress heart rate and the activity of several sympathetic nerves. However, whether GABA similarly inhibits PVN control of baroreflex function has not been previously investigated. To test this hypothesis, it was determined whether microinjection of the GABA(A) antagonist, bicucullin...

In order to implement an integrated optical quantum circuit, designing waveguides based on the quantum box is of prime importance. To do this we have investigated optical waveguide both with and without optical pumping. The rate of absorption and emission using an array of AlGaAs/GaAs quantum box core/shell structure in the optical waveguide with various pumping intensities has computed. By con...

The polarization-related properties of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) processes in long, randomly birefringent, standard optical fibers are examined. Evolution equations for the pump and signal waves, in the presence of both birefringence and SBS, are provided in Jones and Stokes spaces. It is shown that in the undepleted pump regime, the amplification of the SBS signal wave is equivalen...