A systematic approach to the in vitro measurement of HNA-dependent RNA polymerase activities in nuclei from immature rat uterus has been undertaken in order to evaluate the early effects of estradiol. The experimental conditions include excess of nucleoside .i’-triphosphate and short time assays (6 min) at low temperature (25”) in order to obtain the maximal velocity of the reaction and to mini...

a carbon nanocomposite electrode has been designed by incorporation of montmorillonite nanoclayinto the carbon ionic liquid electrode for the electrochemical determination of amitriptiline . the surface ofthe proposed electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. the presence of ionic liquid asa binder is believed to be responsible for the electrocatalytic activity of the propose...

A systematic approach to the in vitro measurement of HNA-dependent RNA polymerase activities in nuclei from immature rat uterus has been undertaken in order to evaluate the early effects of estradiol. The experimental conditions include excess of nucleoside .i’-triphosphate and short time assays (6 min) at low temperature (25”) in order to obtain the maximal velocity of the reaction and to mini...

Bifunctional acidic ionic liquids, having both H-imidazolium and -SO3H groups as cation moieties (H-BFAILs) and CF3SO3- as anion, were synthesized in high yields. These H-BFAILs showed significant hydrophilic properties, lower acidity and higher thermal stability relative to common ionic liquids, due to their unique structures. The (propyl or butyl-3-sulfonic) imidazolium trifluoromethane sulfo...

The antibacterial activity of a series of ionic liquids containing short-chained 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium cations ([Cnmim+]; n = 2, 4, 6 and 8) and bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide anion ([Tf2N]) against E. coli and B. subtilis was measured, for the first time. All ILs used in this work were synthesized and analyzed by Fourier transform i...

Composition-gradient multi-angle static light scattering (CG-MALS) is an emerging technique for the determination of intermolecular interactions via the second virial coefficient B22. With CG-MALS, detailed studies of the second virial coefficient can be carried out more accurately and effectively than with traditional methods. In addition, automated mixing, delivery and measurement enable high...

The relationship between total and ionic serum magnesium in health and chronic disease across different ethnicities has not been well studied. Accordingly, we have examined the interrelationship between total magnesium and ionic magnesium, as well as ionic calcium to ionic magnesium ratio, in 286 patients made up of indigenous and non-indigenous Australians, with or without diabetes. Significan...

Partition coefficients of 51 organic compounds in two ionic liquids (IL), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide and trimethylhexylammonium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide, were measured using inverse gas chromatography from (322.5 to 352.5) K. These partition coefficients were converted into water-to-IL partition coefficients using the corresponding gas-to-water partition coefficients. Bo...

The recently discovered attractive force between hydrophobic surfaces is incorporated in a theory of polyelectrolyte solutions. Ita influence on the second and third virial coefficients is estimated. Binary collisions between two polyions are virtually unaffected by attractive forces of long range whereas the impact on the third virial coefficient is enormous. The theoretical coefficients are c...

Effective Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) equations are derived for macroscopic ion transport in charged porous media. Homogenization analysis is performed for a two-component periodic composite consisting of a dilute electrolyte continuum (described by standard PNP equations) and a continuous dielectric matrix, which is impermeable to the ions and carries a given surface charge. Three new features...