We explore how the inclusion of an anti-trapping current within a phase-field model of coupled thermo-solutal growth formulated in the thin interface limit actually affects the observed levels of solute trapping during dendritic growth. The problem is made computational tractable by the use of advanced numerical techniques including local mesh adaptivity, implicit temporal discreteization and a...

The cellular oxygen sensor is a family of oxygen-dependent proline hydroxylase domain (PHD)-containing enzymes, whose reduction of activity initiate a hypoxic signal cascade. In these studies, prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors (PHIs) were used to activate the PHD-signaling pathway in cardiomyocytes. PHI-pretreatment led to the accumulation of glycogen and an increased maintenance of ATP levels in g...

Several front-line chemotherapeutics cause mitochondria-derived, oxidative stress-mediated cardiotoxicity. Iron chelators and other antioxidants have not completely succeeded in mitigating this effect. One hindrance to the development of cardioprotectants is the lack of physiologically-relevant animal models to simultaneously study antitumor activity and cardioprotection. Therefore, we optimize...

AIMS This study evaluates a possible relationship between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-derived products in conductance and resistance arteries from hypertensive animals. Angiotensin II (Ang II)-infused mice or spontaneously hypertensive rats treated with the NAD(P)H Oxidase inhibitor apocynin, the mitochondrion-targeted SOD2 mimetic Mito-TEMPO, the superoxide dismuta...

Mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) is a human reproductive technology by which the mitochondria of a recipient’s eggs are effectively replaced by those of a donor, potentially eliminating harmful mitochondrial mutations carried by the recipient. However, concerns have been raised that MRT may lead to problems due to incompatibilities between the nuclear genome of the recipient and mitochon...

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is the name of a group of risk factors that can lead to develop several diseases including diabetes mellitus (DM). MetS is accompanied by central obesity, dyslipidemia, compromised fasting glucose, and hypertension [1]. DM, especially type 2 diabetes (DM2), is a growing health care problem resulting in significant cardiovascular disease. Diabetic heart disease includes...

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is characterised by chronic haemolysis and oxidative stress. Herein, we investigated 30 SCD patients found 40% with elevated mitochondria levels (SS-mito+ ) in their mature red blood cells, while 60% exhibit similar compared to the AA group (SS-mito- ). The SS-mito+ are higher reticulocytosis total bilirubin levels, lower foetal haemoglobin, non-functional mitochondria...

Carrier-mediated citrate transport has been demonstrated and characterized at 10°in mitochondria from Morris hepatomas 3924A and 16 and in normal and host liver preparations by the inhibitor-stop technique using 1,2,3-benzenetricarboxylate. We studied: (a) citrate influx in exchange for endogenous substrates; (b) citrate influx into mitochondria loaded with citrate; (c) citrate efflux from cit...

REFERENCES 1. W. S. DAVIDSON: .. Evaluation of New Treatments" Lep. Rev. XXIV, 139, 1953. 2. E. GRUNBERG and R. J. SCHNITZER: .. Antagonism of Isoniazid and Strepto­ mycin in Experimental Infection of Mice with M. Tuberculosis H37Rv." America// Rev. of Tubermlosis, Vol. 68. 277. 1953. 3. W. SZYBALSKI and V. BRYSON: .. Conditional Antagonism between Isoniazid and other Antibacterial Agents." Ibi...

Canis lupus familiaris, the domesticated dog, is capable of extreme endurance performance. The ability to perform sustained aerobic exercise is dependent on a well-developed mitochondrial reticulum. In this study we examined the cumulative muscle protein and DNA synthesis in groups of athletic dogs at the onset of an exercise training program and following a strenuous exercise training program....