Since the work by Miller, Amon, and Reinhardt, which correctly warned against the indiscriminate adjustment of the maximum step size during Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, some researchers have believed that adjusting the maximum step size always leads to systematic errors. In this paper, I demonstrate that when periodic adjustments are done properly, they can improve the overall accuracy of simu...

We extend a result due to Zazanis [34] on the analyticity of the expectation of suitable functionals of homogeneous Poisson processes, with respect to the intensity of the process. As our main result, we provide Monte Carlo estimators for the derivatives. We apply our results to stochastic models which are of interest in stochastic geometry and insurance.

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Background: The dosimetric parameters required in lung cancer radiation therapy are taken from a homogeneous water phantom; however, during treatment, the expected results are being affected because of its inhomogeneity. Therefore, it becomes necessary to quantify these deviations.Objective: The present study has been undertaken to find out inter- and intra- lung density variations and its dosi...

Background: Palladium-103 (103Pd) is a brachytherapy source for cancer treatment. The Monte Carlo codes are usually applied for dose distribution and effect of shieldings. Monte Carlo calculation of dose distribution in water phantom due to a MED3633 103Pd source is presented in this work. Materials and Methods: The dose distribution around the 103Pd Model MED3633 located in the center of 30×...

High atomic number and density of dental implants leads to major problems at providing an accurate dose distribution in radiotherapy and contouring tumors and organs caused by the artifact in head and neck tumors. The limits and deficiencies of the algorithms using in the treatment planning systems can lead to large errors in dose calculation, and this may adversely affect the patient's treatme...

Models explaining household decisions assume that the member’s bargaining process, although unknown, leads to efficient outcomes. The empirical literature has not been able to reject this hypothesis when tested in several datasets, including those from poor, rich and emerging countries. This paper presents Monte Carlo simulations to show that the methods used for testing are inadequate for two ...

In this article, we present two Monte Carlo methods to solve some problems related to the Darcy law in geophysics. Both methods do not require any discretization and are exact methods.