BACKGROUND Pre-recorded register data from dairy herds are available in almost all Nordic countries. These databases can be used for research purposes, and one of the research areas is animal welfare. The aim of this study was to investigate if pre-recorded register data could be used to identify herds with good welfare, and to investigate if a combination of register data sets could be used to...

A middle aged man presented with muscle cramps. He was found to be having hyponatraemia and mild rhabdomyolysis, due to Enalapril, which he had been using for hypertension. The symptoms improved and biochemical abnormality disappeared after stopping the drug.

BACKGROUND Busy strokologists often find little time for scientific writing. They sometimes develop a mental condition equivalent to that known by neurologists as writer's cramp. It may result in permanent damage to academic career. This paper provides advice how to prevent or treat this condition. METHODS Prepare your manuscript following the IMRaD principle (Introduction, Methods, Results, ...

This study compared golfers with and without the yips using joint movement and surface electromyographic detectors. Fifty golfers (25 with and 25 without complaints of the yips) were studied while putting. All putts were videotaped. Surface electromyography assessed arm cocontraction. A CyberGlove II (Immersion Technologies, Palo Alto, CA) assessed right-arm angular movements. Primary analysis ...

The history of writer's cramp is reviewed, and the study of ten cases described. Nine of the patients were male with obsessional personalities, and involved in a conflict with some bearing on the act of writing. Treatment by psychotherapy and re-education produced either temporary or little improvement; biofeedback, used in six cases, produced some benefit in four, of which only one relapsed. A...

Exercise Associated Muscle Cramps (EAMC) is one of the most common conditions that require medical attention during or immediately after sports events. Despite the high prevalence of this condition the aetiology of EAMC in athletes is still not well understood. The purpose of this review is to examine current scientific evidence in support of (1) the "electrolyte depletion" and "dehydration" hy...

CASE REPORT A 34 year old caucasian woman with no prior medical presented with severe hypokalemia; hypomagnesemia and mild hyponatremia. Her past medical and family history were unremarkable. She was on no medication and denied any symptoms, unless for occasionally muscle cramps. Water intake ≥3L/ day. She was normotensive, no edemas and normal urine output. The review of systems was otherwise ...

This point reflects today’s holistic understanding of welfare as the state of the animal’s mind and body and the extent to which its nature is satisfied (3). If veterinarians are to do more for animal welfare, it is not enough for them to identify that herd productivity is down, that an animal is sick, or that the environment predisposes animals to illness. Even when an animal is healthy and th...

In order to explore the pathophysiological basis of a new rehabilitation therapy in writer's cramp (WC), healthy controls, untreated WC patients and WC patients who recovered a legible handwriting after rehabilitation were explored using magnetoencephalography, and the somatosensory evoked fields of fingers I, II, III and V in the sensory cortex were studied. In the cortex controlling the dysto...

Writer's cramp is a task-specific focal hand dystonia. The abnormality of task specificity is a curious one and indicates that we need to learn more about the coupling of motor programs and their effectors. Writer's cramp appears to be triggered by spending much time writing by an individual with a fertile physiological substrate for producing the disorder. The fertile background, which is like...