A series of national roadside breath test surveys designed to determine the number of drinking drivers on the roads in the US have been conducted over the last 25 years. The first o f these surveys was conducted in 1973 and a second in 1986. This paper reports on the third national survey conducted in the fall o f 1996 and its relation to trends in crashes involving drivers with high blood alco...

Federally sponsored health surveys are a critical source of information on public health in the United States. The National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) is the nation's principal health statistics agency and is responsible for collecting accurate, relevant, and timely data. NCHS conducts several population-based national surveys as well as collecting vital statistics data, which are used...

Extrapolation of data from two national nutritional surveys in India--the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) and surveys conducted by the National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau (NNMB)--enabled the ranking of states on the basis of criteria such as nutritional status of children under 5 years of age. The most recent NNMB survey report (1988-90) indicates that between 42.5% (Kerala) and 69.5% (O...

Cross national surveys are frequently undertaken for purposes of making comparisons among markets with respect to factors relevant to marketing policies. A potentially troublesome threat to the validity of conclusions drawn from such comparisons is that due to differences in the reliability of measurements arising from linguistic and conceptual non-equivalencies of questionnaire instruments. Th...

The erosion of a number of national systems of employment relations, and the evidence from large scale workplace surveys has brought attention to the considerable diversity of employment systems within major economies. This essay applies the theory of evolutionary games to explain the diffusion of different employment systems within national economies, and how they interact with established sec...

A Meta-analysis on the therapeutic state of hypertensive population in Japan is performed by the three nation-wide governmental surveys focusing on the impact of new diagnostic criteria described in the Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension in Japan 2000. These surveys are the National Survey of Circulatory Disorders, National Nutrition Survey and Patient Survey in 1990. The meta-analys...

BACKGROUND Measurement of prevalence and incidence of infections in a hard to reach population like men who have sex with men (MSM) is hampered by its unknown size and regional distribution. Population-based surveys have recently been used to estimate the total number of MSM, but these surveys are usually not large enough to measure regional differences in the proportion of MSM in the populatio...

OBJECTIVES Population-based HIV testing surveys have become central to deriving estimates of national HIV prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa. However, limited participation in these surveys can lead to selection bias. We control for selection bias in national HIV prevalence estimates using a novel approach, which unlike conventional imputation can account for selection on unobserved factors. ME...