We have developed an in vitro muscle preparation suitable for metabolic studies with human muscle tissue and have investigated the effects of obesity and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) on glucose transport. Transport of 3-O-methylglucose and 2-deoxyglucose was stimulated approximately twofold by insulin in muscle from normal nonobese subjects and stimulation occurred in the nor...

Background and purpose: A likely explanation for the increase in lens fluorescence with aging and the acceleration of this process in patients with diabetes, is that lens proteins are altered by non-enzymatic glycosylation and the further steps of the Maillard reaction. Thus, the lens fluorescence intensity appears to represent a cumulative index of glycemia over the entire lifetime of the subj...

Recent studies have shown that mutations in the glucokinase gene on chromosome 7 can cause an autosomal dominant form of NIDDM with a variable clinical phenotype and onset during childhood. The variable clinical phenotype includes mild fasting hyperglycemia (i.e., a plasma glucose value of > 110 mg/dl, a value that is at least 2-3 SDs above normal), impaired glucose tolerance, gestational diabe...

There is very little data regarding the factors related to intima-media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid artery in normal individuals in those with non-insulin diabetes mellitus and perimenopausal women in Southeast Asian countries. Ultrasound imaging evaluating the carotid artery IMT in those with diabetes and those on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) was performed beginning in August 20...

Momordica charantia (MC) fruit was subjected to phytochemical and pharmacological interaction studies with oral hypoglycemis in NIDDM patients. Phytochemical, chromatographical analysis and extraction of methanolic MC fruit soft (semi-solid form) in CCl4 + C6H6 solvent system yielded 15 diverse chemical constituents--alkaloids, glycosides, aglycone, tannin, sterol, phenol and protein. The CCl4 ...

To determine whether differences in the metabolic response to two common starches could be eliminated by altering the physical form of food, 12 normal and 6 noninsulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) subjects were studied after consumption of test loads of whole and blended rice and potato. In normal and NIDDM subjects the lower postprandial glycemia and insulinemia of whole rice was eliminated and ...

The present study included 50 controls (age 34-64 years) and 50 NIDDM subjects (age 32-72 years) from the diabetic clinic of Government Medical College, Nagpur. It was undertaken with the aim of investigating obesity indices (i.e. body mass index, skin fold thickness, waist hip ratio and % fat in the body); lipid profile (including serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, VLDL, LDL and HDL-choles...

Asians from the Indian subcontinent have received greater attention in diabetes studies because of their migration in large numbers. The prevalence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in migrant Indians is higher than that in the population residing in the Indian subcontinent and is also usually higher than in the other racial groups in the host country. However, before drawing a...

A new, simplified computerized glucose clamp method was performed for estimation of glucose utilization at the insulin level of postprandial level. The program for the method is based on the mathematical algorithm using values of blood glucose, changes of its concentration and the desired glucose level. The coefficients of variation of the clamped blood glucose values during the last 60 minutes...

The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial has conclusively established that intensive control of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in persons aged 19 to 26 years (almost exclusively white, normotensive, nondyslipidemic, of normal weight, and insulin sensitive) reduces by +/- 50% the likelihood of retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. In contrast, persons with non-insulin-dependent diab...