As part of a larger study of mercury (Hg) biogeochemistry and bioaccumulation in agricultural (rice growing) and non-agricultural wetlands in California's Central Valley, USA, seasonal and spatial controls on methylmercury (MeHg) production were examined in surface sediment. Three types of shallowly-flooded agricultural wetlands (white rice, wild rice, and fallow fields) and two types of manage...

Structural transformation of agriculture typically involves a gradual increase mean farm sizes and reallocation labor from to other sectors. Such structural is often fostered through innovations in newly emerging opportunities manufacturing services. Here, we use panel data households Indonesia test support the hypothesis that recent oil palm boom contributes transformation. Oil capital-intensi...

measurement of the values of forces in tractor arms is of great importance due to draft of agricultural equipment. these values can be used for testing and evaluation of the agricultural machinery, selection of suitable tractor, etc. the tools which are used for measurement of the forces are called dynamometer. the main objective of the present study was to design and evaluate a load cell for i...

in the light of the 2008 world development report, this paper revisits the impact of agriculture on overall economic growth, in the case of an oil producing country, using indices of intersectoral linkages. to this end, four input-output tables of iran’s economy are utilized. the results support the importance of the agricultural sector in stimulating the economic growth of iran, but also s...

This paper investigates whether employer sanctions for hiring undocumented workers introduced by the 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) adversely affected the hourly earnings of Latino workers in the southwestern U.S. We exploit the staggering of the sanctions and employee verification requirements across sectors to estimate this effect. In particular, IRCA's employer-sanctions prov...

Untangling Trade and Technology: Evidence from Local Labor Markets We juxtapose the effects of trade and technology on employment in U.S. local labor markets between 1990 and 2007. Labor markets whose initial industry composition exposes them to rising Chinese import competition experience significant falls in employment, particularly in manufacturing and among non-college workers. Labor market...

Sixth millennium BC Dalma ceramics from the northwestern and central Zagros have previously been described as beingimpossible to distinguish using decorative style analysis in spite of the great distance between the two regions. In thisstudy, petrographic (thin section) analysis and a small-scale electron microprobe project was carried out on the ceramicsof the two regions, as well as a small s...

We exploit cross-city variation in manufacturing decline and housing market changes during the 2000s, and jointly estimate their effects on non-employment. Both forces strongly affected nonemployment between 2000 and 2007, with the increase from manufacturing decline almost exactly offset by reductions attributable to housing. We show that this offsetting occurred both in the aggregate and at t...