In this paper the linear theory of nonequilibrium thermodynamics, developed by Onsager and others, is applied to random networks with arbitrary degree distribution. Using the well-known methods of nonequilibrium thermodynamics we identify thermodynamic forces and their conjugated flows induced in networks as a result of single node degree perturbation. The forces and the flows can be understood...

For multiscale gas flows, the kinetic-continuum hybrid method is usually used to balance the computational accuracy and efficiency. However, the kinetic-continuum coupling is not straightforward since the coupled methods are based on different theoretical frameworks. In particular, it is not easy to recover the nonequilibrium information required by the kinetic method, which is lost by the cont...

Following the proposal of steady state thermodynamics (SST) by Oono and Paniconi, we develop a phenomenological theory for steady nonequilibrium states in systems with heat conduction. We find that there is essentially a unique consistent thermodynamics, and make concrete predictions, i.e, the existence of a new osmotic pressure and a shift in the coexistence temperature. These predictions allo...

The general form for the probability density and for the transition probability of a nonequilibrium system is given. Maximization of the latter gives a generalized fluctuation-dissipation theorem by providing a molecular basis for Langevin's friction force that avoids continuum hydrodynamics. The result shows that the friction coefficient must be proportional to the variance of the stochastic e...

Effluent concentration of chloride and two pesticides (prometon and atrazine) were measured during column displacement experiments at two water flow rates. A constant suction of approximately 1300 Pa was maintained in the packed soil columns which were positioned vertically on top of a vacuum chamber enclosing an automatic fraction collector. Measured breakthrough curves (BTC’s) were analyzed i...

Following the proposal of steady state thermodynamics (SST) by Oono and Paniconi, we develop a phenomenological theory for steady nonequilibrium states in systems with heat conduction. We find that there is essentially a unique consistent thermodynamics, and make concrete predictions, i.e, the existence of a new osmotic pressure and a shift in the coexistence temperature. These predictions allo...

Correlations in fluids in nonequilibrium steady states are long range. Hence, finite-size effects have important consequences in the nonequilibrium thermodynamics of fluids. One consequence is that nonequilibrium temperature fluctuations induce nonequilibrium Casimir-like pressures proportional to the square of the temperature gradient. Hence, fluctuations cause a breakdown of the concept of lo...

A new Reynolds stress anisotropy closure that includes nonlocal and nonequilibrium effects in turbulent flows has been obtained from a recently proposed nonlocal anisotropy formulation. This formulation is based on a new nonlocal derivation of the rapid pressurestrain correlation, which rigorously accounts for nonlocal effects on the anisotropy due to spatial variations in the mean velocity gra...

• This paper describes a computational study of the thermal and chemical nonequilibrium occuring in a rapidly expanding flow of high-temperature air transported as a free jet from an orifice into lowdensity stationary air. Translational, rotational, vibrational and electron temperatures are treated separately, and in particular the vibrational temperatures are individually treated; a multi-vibr...

Motivated by recent experiments in ultracold atomic gases that explore the nonequilibrium dynamics of interacting quantum many-body systems, we investigate the opposite limit of Landau's Fermi-liquid paradigm: We study a Hubbard model with a sudden interaction quench, that is, the interaction is switched on at time t=0. Using the flow equation method, we are able to study the real time dynamics...