نتایج جستجو برای: normative versus positive economics
تعداد نتایج: 1007716 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
The Fetal Origins Hypothesis (FOH), put forward in the epidemiological literature and later flourished in the economics literature, suggests that the time in utero is a critical period for human development. However, much attention has been paid to the consequences of fetal exposures to more extreme natural shocks, while less is known about fetal exposures to milder but more commonly experience...
Nineteen states and the federal government have statutes for the civil commitment of sexually violent predators (SVP). The American Psychiatric Association has vigorously opposed SVP laws, citing the abuse of both individual civil rights and of psychiatry in forwarding preventive detention. Those who support the laws underscore that the statutes target highly dangerous sex offenders. There are ...
Economics was conceived as early as the classical period as a science of causes. The philosopher–economists David Hume and J. S. Mill developed the conceptions of causality that remain implicit in economics today. This article traces the history of causality in economics and econometrics, showing that different approaches can be classified on two dimensions: process versus structural approaches...
New physical constraints emerged in the 20th century and are changing the decision criteria used until now. Two optimisation problems are equivalent: (1) maximising discounted utility with a long-run survival constraint and (2) maximising a new type of utility that treats the present and future equally. The latter originates in normative axioms introduced by the author in Chichilnisky (1996a), ...
The normative relevance of the concept of exploitation is analysed in the context of subsistence economies with a general convex technology and rational optimising agents. A new, axiomatic approach is developed, which allows an explicit analysis of the core positive and normative intuitions behind the concept of exploitation. Three main new axioms, called Labour Exploitation in Subsistence Econ...
...................................................................................................................................................... 2 1. Reflecting on responses to the financial and ecological crises so far ....................... 2 2. When is something a messy problem? .................................................................................... 3 3. Integration of ha...
The main purpose of the present study is to identify effective strategies to reduce poverty based on extracurricular documents with regional foresight approach. The method of this study is descriptive and qualitative in terms of research propositions. It has been done in two stages of library and Delphi method and with reference to 37 academics and executives in economics and management. In the...
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