Galton-Watson processes were introduced by Francis Galton in 1889 as a simple mathematical model for the propagation of family names. They were reinvented by Leo Szilard in the late 1930s as models for the proliferation of free neutrons in a nuclear fission reaction. Generalizations of the extinction probability formulas that we shall derive below played a role in the calculation of the critica...

Despite the advances in discovering new nuclei, modeling microscopic nuclear structure, reactors, and stellar nucleosynthesis, we still lack a systemic tool, such as network approach, to understand structure dynamics of over 70 thousands reactions compiled JINA REACLIB. To this end, develop an analysis framework, under which it is simple know generally are possible not, by counting neutrons pro...

The Be(γ, n)Be reaction is enhanced by a near threshold 1/2 state. Contradictions between existing measurements of this reaction cross-section affect calculations of astrophysical r-process yields, dark matter detector calibrations, and the theory of the nuclear structure of Be. Select well-documented radioisotope Be(γ, n) source yield measurements have been reanalyzed, providing a set of high-...

We have used the Zimanyi & Moszkowski model in the relativistic mean-field theory to study the properties of asymmetric nuclear matter and the equation of state (EOS) for supernova matter. We find that even though muons are included in the chemical composition of neutron-star matter, this model still results in a small proton concentration so that only themodified Urca process occurs as a main ...

The incorporation of nuclear quantum effects and non-Born–Oppenheimer behavior into chemistry calculations molecular dynamics simulations is a longstanding challenge. nuclear–electronic orbital (NEO) approach treats specified nuclei, typically protons, mechanically on the same level as electrons with wave function density functional theory methods. This inherently includes delocalization zero-p...

This review discusses methods for the incorporation of quantum mechanical effects into enzyme kinetics simulations in which the enzyme is an explicit part of the model. We emphasize three aspects: (a) use of quantum mechanical electronic structure methods such as molecular orbital theory and density functional theory, usually in conjunction with molecular mechanics; (b) treating vibrational mot...

Solar model predictions of 8B and p-p neutrinos agree with the experimentally determined fluxes (including oscillations): phi(pp)(measured)=(1.02+/-00.02+/-0.01)phi(pp)(theory) and phi(8B)(measured)=(0.88+/-0.04+/-0.23)phi(8B)(theory), 1sigma experimental and theoretical uncertainties, respectively. We use improved input data for nuclear fusion reactions, the equation of state, and the chemical...