background & aim: skin-to-skin contact immediately after birth plays a pivotal role in proper breastfeeding and mother-infant interaction. despite numerous benefits of mother-infant skin-to-skin contact, this health behavior is not performed by many midwives. this study aimed to evaluate the influential factors for mother-infant skin-to-skin contact based on the precede-proceed model from the p...

the main objective of this article is to measure and compare faculty member’s job motivation in esfahan university and esfahan university of medical sciences based on fredrick herzberg`s motivation-hygiene theory. a descriptive-survey research method was employed. a sample of 150 faculty members was selected through a proportionate classified sampling method. the data-gathering instrument inclu...

E nvironmental engineering education has a traditional engineering foundation that includes a heavy emphasis on the physical sciences. In contrast, the disciplines of chemical engineering and bioengineering are founded on a strong combination of the physical, chemical, and biological sciences. We believe that the environmental engineering profession needs to address whether to shift from the tr...

Data collected through a sun-ey of \isitors to the \'ennont state park system were used to deftne a range of emironmental beha\ior, ethics, and values exhibited by park \isitors. These data were used to develop principles for designing park-based en\lronmental education programs. The study findings suggest that such programs should emphasize points of commonality among park \isltors, present en...

The idea that xenobiotic chemicals could inappropriately modlate the endocrine system thereby causing detrimental effects n wildlife and humans was first proposed 20 years ago at the atershed Wingspread Conference [1,2]. These endocrine disruptng chemicals (EDCs) have long been controversial, with a great eal of discussion raging in the scientific literature. Much of this ontroversy has centere...

This research studies organizational and structural barriers in women's participation in the administrative structure of Iran emphasizing on women working in private sector in district 6 of Tehran and hypotheses have been propounded among structural, organizational and cultural factors and women's participation and research method in this research is based on survey method and in this order qua...

Many factors may be involved in determining why some students are more and some are less proficient in language. This study tried to explore the factors affecting Iranian EFL learners’ proficiency. 221 students at second, third and fourth year of university, including 50 male and 171 female were selected randomly to participate in the study. A researcher-made questionnaire and a proficiency tes...

This paper studies the effects of psychological, individual, product strategy, and situational factors on the impulse purchase behavior of customers in all Refah stores located in Tehran. The paper uses Betty and Ferrell Model to set forward and to test 4 hypothesis. All four hypothesis were confirmed. The results indicated that the selected factors had impact on the impulse behavior of the con...

Objective: Low back pain is one of the most important job injuries among emergency medical personnel. This study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of low back pain as well as its physical, mental and managerial predisposing factors among emergency medical personnel in Iran.Methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study we recruited 298 pre-hospital emergency medical personn...

This paper studies the effects of psychological, individual, product strategy, and situational factors on the impulse purchase behavior of customers in all Refah stores located in Tehran. The paper uses Betty and Ferrell Model to set forward and to test 4 hypothesis. All four hypothesis were confirmed. The results indicated that the selected factors had impact on the impulse behavior of the con...