Ultrastructural effects of monocular deprivation starting at hatching have been studied in the neuropil of nucleus rotundus, the thalamic visual relay station of the tectofugal pathway in birds. Synaptic density, presynaptic terminal size, and length of postsynaptic density (PSD) have been quantified in juvenile (20-day) and adult (100-day) zebra finches. These parameters are mature in 20-day-o...

The development of plaque-neutralizing antibody in tracheal washes and hemagglutination inhibition antibody in serum was followed after intratracheal and intranasal or intramuscular inoculation of 1-, 14-, or 28-day-old chicks with a lentogenic strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Serum antibody could be detected between 7 and 10 days after intratracheal and intranasal vaccination in birds ...

Tumor suppressor p53 and inhibitor of DNA-binding/differentiation Id2 were examined after 7 or 21 days of wing weighting in fast patagialis (PAT) and slow anterior latissimus dorsi (ALD) wing muscles of young adult and old Japanese quails. The contralateral wing served as the intra-animal control. Seven days of loading increased PAT and ALD muscle weight by 28 and 96%, respectively, in young bi...

Two experiments were conducted to determine: first, the best time of excreta collection after force feeding of broilers to yield the maximal amount of excreta, and second, nitrogen-corrected true metabolizable energy contents of some poultry feedstuffs including yellow corn, soybean meal, corn gluten meal, canola meal and poultry by-product meal by a new precision-fed chick assay using 3-week-o...

an experiment with 240 one-day-old lohman male broilers was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of palm kernel meal supplemented diet with/without enzyme on performance and lactic acid bacteria population of ceca. birds were distributed in 20 experimental units and data were analyzed in a complete randomized design with 2x2 arrangement plus a control diet.the levels of palm...

THE daily mthionine + cystine (MC) requirement of cobb-broiler chicken was estimated in three con­secutive experiments. In experiment 1, groups 30 day-old birds were fed one eight diets. The diets contained bet­ween 0.52% and 1.08% MC 0.08% stepwise in­crements. Liveweight gain peaked at 0.84% 0.76% levels during 1-21 days (period 1) 21-42 2) growth phases, respectively. intake/bird/d these 0.2...

in order to investigate the effect of different levels of silymarin (0, 100 and 200 mg/kg diet) onperformance, carcass characteristics, blood parameters and antioxidant status, 120 day-old chicks wereassigned to 3 treatments with four replicates and 10 birds in each in a completely randomized design.results showed supplementation of 200 mg silymarin significantly decreased the body weight gain(...

Colibacillosis accounts for significant losses to the poultry industry, and control efforts are hampered by limited understanding of the mechanisms used by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) to cause disease. We have found that the presence of the increased serum survival gene (iss) is strongly associated with APEC but not with commensal E. coli, making iss, and the protein it encodes (Is...

Birds have high metabolic rates, body temperatures, and plasma glucose concentrations yet physiologically age at a rate slower than comparably sized mammals. These studies were designed to test the hypothesis that the antioxidant uric acid protects birds against oxidative stress. Mixed sex broiler chicks (3 wk old) were fed diets supplemented or not with purines (0.6 mol hypoxanthine or inosine...

Migratory birds play important roles as distributors of ticks within and between continents. In the Old World, the most important migratory route of birds links Asia, Europe and Africa. During their migration, birds use various stopover sites, where they feed and rest and where ticks may attach or detach, creating new natural foci for vector-borne diseases. Danube Delta is one of the most impor...