background : biomarkers accepted for clinical use in breast cancer have low sensitivity and specificity. thus, there is a need for new markers to assist in the diagnosis, prognosis and follow-up of breast cancer patients. this study aims to investigate the diagnostic, prognostic and follow-up role of serum bcl-2, bax and p53 proteins in breast cancer patients in comparison with those of serum c...

Malignant tumours in pregnant women are rare. The terms ‘gestational breast cancer (GBC)’ and ‘pregnancy-associated breast cancer’ are given to breast cancer cases diagnosed during pregnancy and up to one year post-partum. Treatment methods, as well as treatment onset and time of pregnancy termination, remain controversial. We describe two fatal cases of GBC in multiparous women over 35 years o...

BACKGROUND Early onset breast cancer is associated with poor outcomes but variable results have been reported. It is a significant problem in Pakistani women but remains under reported. Breast conservation plays an important role in surgical management of this younger patient group. The objective of this study was to determine the outcome of breast conservative therapy in patients with early on...

BACKGROUND Serum HER2 testing allows the determination of the real-time HER2 status of breast cancer patients. The aim of this investigation was to study (i) whether changes of serum HER2 status occur during the clinical course of breast cancer and (ii) to evaluate the prognostic significance of serum HER2 status, at the time of first diagnosis of primary breast cancer and at the onset of metas...

Ductal and lobular carcinoma in situ (CIS) accounted for 62,280 (24.5%) of all new breast cancer diagnoses in 2009. BRCA1/2 mutations confer an extremely high risk of breast cancer, and management guidelines for BRCA1/2 mutation carriers advise close follow-up, intensive screening, and consideration of prophylactic surgery to lower this risk. The limited relevant previous data are not definitiv...

breast cancer is the most important and prevalent cancer in women that can be managed if detected in the early stages. recently, there has been much focus on the use of epigenetic changes such as dna methylation in early detection of cancer. as recent research has put forth dok7 cpg island methylation as an epimarker, in the present study, using a quantification method, a cohort of iranian spor...

background: transvaginal ultrasound is one of the most common means to examine endometrial cavity lesions although its negative results are more valuable. saline sonohysterography can reduce the number of false negative rates of endometrial lesions diagnoses in tamoxifen consumers. the objective of this study was to determine the diagnostic values of saline infusion sonohysterography (sis) and ...

GT198, located 470 kb downstream of BRCA1, encodes for the nuclear PSMC3-interacting protein, which functions as co-activator of steroid hormone-mediated gene expression, and is involved in RAD51 and DMC1-mediated homologous recombination during DNA repair of double-strand breaks. Recently, germline variants in GT198 have been identified in hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) patients, ...

background: in the modern lifestyle, the increase in cancer and related chronic disorders is a major public health problem. in spite of different methods used for the treatment of these conditions, natural medicines have high demands due to their significant effects as immune enhancement and therapeutic agents and fewer side effects in comparison with other treatment methods. hence, this study ...