The purpose of this article is to summarize a developmental, relational theory of personality socialization in the family and other settings. This theory consists of two assumptions about space and time, from which are derived two respective processes about the ability to love and the ability to negotiate. The contents of the theory consist of three modalities: Being, Doing, and Having. From th...

Superior performance by women on a task requiring object location memory has challenged the traditional view that men excel on all spatial tasks. Sexual orientation is also associated with variation in cognitive ability pattern, but such association appears to be more consistent for a real-world targetting task than for paper-and-pencil spatial tests. Finally, there is increasing evidence that ...

The positivity and asymptotic stability of the descriptor time‐varying discrete‐time linear systems are addressed. The Weierstrass‐Kronecker theorem on the decomposition of the regular pencil is extended to the time‐varying discrete‐time descriptor linear systems. Using the extension necessary and sufficient conditions for the positivity of the systems are established. Sufficien...

PURPOSE The Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC) study is a cross-national survey examining health and lifestyle behaviors of adolescents, traditionally administered by paper and pencil in a school setting. The purpose of the present study was to investigate if a computer format of the questionnaire would affect the responses of the adolescents in comparison with the paper and pencil ...

Nonmonetary incentives lead to small increases in response rates to mailed questionnaires. However, inclusion of a pen or pencil, which may be a facilitating factor as well as a reward, has not been shown to improve response to health surveys in prior trials. In 2001 and 2002, the authors conducted two US trials in which a study-logo pen or pencil was randomly included in a second questionnaire...

This article presents information on standardized paper-and-pencil measures of spiritual and transpersonal constructs that hold promise for use in yoga research. Nine instruments are discussed at length including the Assessment Schedule for Altered States of Consciousness, Ego Grasping Orientation, Expressions of Spirituality Inventory, Hindu Religious Coping Scale, Measures of Hindu Pathways, ...