Data envelopment analysis (DEA) based productivity indexes models are widely applied to evaluate the of decision-making units over a period. This study proposes index for evaluating environmentally sensitive growth while excluding possibility spurious technical regress. innovative has been created by combining directional distance functions, sequential DEA, undesirable data, and concept interva...

BACKGROUND China began to implement the national medical and health system and public hospital reforms in 2009 and 2012, respectively. Anhui Province is one of the four pilot provinces, and the medical reform measures received wide attention nationwide. The effectiveness of the above reform needs to get attention. This study aimed to master the efficiency and productivity of county-level public...

Purpose This study aims to investigate the productivity level of family takaful in Malaysia and Indonesia from 2014 2019. Productivity can support corporate sustainability, which is one company’s goals. Design/methodology/approach The measurement this involved applying Malmquist Index (MPI) method. input variables used consisted equity, total expenses investment. output profit investment income...

When considering the linkage between innovation and productivity, the relationship is often termed as the knowledge production function in the endogenous growth literature. In this article, we approach the issues involved through the aspects of the standard neoclassical production theory. The advantage is that the basic properties required of ordinary production function can be employed to infe...