We examined the relationship between satellite measurements of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) and several meteorological drought indices, including the multi-time-scale standard precipitation index (SPI) and the Palmer drought severity index (PDSI), to evaluate the potential of using SIF to monitor and assess drought. We found significant positive relationships between SIF and dro...

Introduction: Tectonic features on Callisto are found (1) preferentially in large multi-ring structures, or (2) in several areas in its dark, cratered plains units outside the large multi-ring structures [1, 2]. In this latter case, tectonism is represented by fractures, scarps, and albedo lineaments. In this paper, we will mainly concentrate on tectonic features outside the large multi-ring st...

Ahrtl-uc-t Smoke from both prescribed fires and wildfires can, ~ i i ~ d e r certain ineteorologtcal cond~t~ons, become entrapped with~n shallow layers of air near the ground at n~ght and get carr~ed to unexpected desttnations as a co~nbinatton of weather systenls push anthrough interlock~ng rtdge-valley terra111 typical of the Ptcdinont of the So~tthern Un~ted States Entrapped smoke confined w...

Piedmont tectonic belts are rich of oil and gas resources, however the intense tectonic stress and broken formation may cause great drilling problems in piedmont structures such as borehole collapse, lost circulation and gas cutting. Through analysis of in situ stress properties, bedding structure and mechanical characteristics, wellbore instability mechanism was expounded from rock mechanics, ...

The Great Plains of North America encompass approximately 85 million ha (210 million acres) consisting of shortgrass, mixed-grass, and tallgrass prairie with about 60% of this area converted to crop agriculture and the remainder used primarily for livestock production. Large-scale gradients of precipitation (west to east, <30 to >100 cm; <12 to >40 inches) and mean annual temperature (north to ...

Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. [1] Images of Mercury's northern volcanic plains taken by the MESSENGER spacecraft reveal a large number of buried ...

Geophysical data have led to the interpretation that Beta Regio, a 2000×25000 km wide topographic rise with associated rifting and volcanism, formed due to the rise of a hot mantle diapir interpreted to be caused by a mantle plume. We have tested this hypothesis through detailed geologic mapping of the V-17 quadrangle, which includes a significant part of the Beta Regio rise, and reconnaissance...