oil and gas transmission pipelines are critical items of infrastructure in providing energy sources to regions and countries. steel pipes are commonly used which can be subject to both internal and external corrosion. this paper presents an advanced nondestructive inspection technique for detection of oil-gas pipeline corrosion defect. the pulsed eddy current (pec) method has been successfully ...

OBJECTIVE We analyzed the efficacy and safety of Preminent(®) [losartan (50 mg/day)/HCTZ (12.5 mg/day)] compared to CodioMD(®) [valsartan (80 mg/day)/HCTZ (6.25 mg/day)]. METHODS In this study, 31 hypertensive patients after receiving 3 months of Preminent(®) (Stage A) were enrolled. We applied a changeover with switching from Preminent(®) to CodioMD(®) (Stage B). We then applied another chan...

Unfortunately, specialised small units or geriatric hospitals often do not have a diabetic liaison sister and in these problems such as Dr Whyte reported occur. In our area one patient was discharged from one such hospital with 100 unit insulin but an old 20 unit syringe. Luckily an astute district nurse spotted the mistake before harm occurred. Perhaps in these units one trained nurse should b...

However many companies shy away from the perceived effort required for the changeover to these new techniques. They have a code base that has been built up over decades and although the software has been constantly extended and improved. This has also led to the creation of more and more “spaghetti code”. Millions of functioning lines of code would need to be analyzed, re-programmed, and finall...

In the petroleum supply chain, oil refined products are often delivered to distribution centers by pipelines since they provide the most reliable and economical mode of transportation over large distances. This paper addresses the optimal scheduling of a complex pipeline network with multiple branching lines. The main challenge is to find the optimal sequence and time of product injections/deli...

recent years have brought a great deal of expansion to the economic systems of developing countries. although they serve as vital link of economic activities, the transportation network of these countries have not grown proportionally. since transportation investments is a a substantial portion of the national budget, a good knowledge of each mode's various characteristics is essential, wh...

arguably, the natural gas transmission pipeline infrastructure in iran represents one of the largest andmost complex mechanical systems in the world. the optimization of large gas trunk lines known asigat results in reduced fuel consumption or higher capability and improves pipeline operation. in thecurrent study, a single-objective optimization was conducted for khormoj compressor station on t...

Globalization has led to a significant effect on today’s manufacturing sector. Manufacturers need find new and innovative ways increase efficiency reduce waste in the supply chain. Lean/six sigma tools can help companies production stay competition. Manufacturing smaller batches keep chain lean customizable. This leads frequent changeovers downtime. A changeover is usually required when single ...